introduction sub axial cervical spine dislocations are common and managing these cases by closed reduction is successful in the majority of cases. however, treatment of old and neglected cases is difficult and the results may vary in terms of neurological and functional outcomes. case presentation we present two cases of traumatic bilateral cervical facet dislocation with no neurological defici...

drug induced dystonic reactions are among common presentations of patients in emergency departments, and typically occur with antidopaminergic agents as their extra-pyramidal side effects. dystonic reactions usually occur within the first few hours or days after commencing a drug or dose increase. unlike other extra-pyramidal side effects, a patient may experience acute dystonic reactions (adrs...

background and aims. temporomandibular disorders (tmds) are the most common condition affecting the temporomandibular joint and associated structures. the aim of this study was the epidemiologic evaluation of tmds and related factors in a group of iranian adolescents. materials and methods. this descriptive cross-sectional survey included a sample of 800 high school students (400 girls and 400 ...

Joint-stock cooperative company is not recognized in Commercial Code of Iran and the amendment bill of the Commercial Code adopted in 1968. This business entity has a unique description because of both being cooperative and having joint stock. It is a joint-stock company that is chartered based on Commercial Code of Iran, amendment bill of the Commercial Code adopted in 1968, and Principle 44 o...

   Periodic evaluation and monitoring the health and economic outcome of joint replacement surgery is a common and popular process under the territory of joint registries in many countries. In this article we introduce the methodology used for the foundation of the National Iranian Joint Registry (IJR) with a joint collaboration of the Social Security Organization (SSO) and academic research de...

statement of the problem in iran and most countries temporomandibular disorders (tmds) are part of the education curriculum of general dentistry. most patients with these disorders are first referred to dentists. therefore, awareness of general dentists’ knowledge in this field is very important purpose the aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and beliefs of general dental practitioners ...

background:  conventional treatments after complicated injuries of the distal radioulnar joint (druj) such as darrach and kapandji-sauvé procedures have many drawbacks, which may eventually lead to a painful unstable distal ulna.  the development of druj prosthesis has significantly evolved over the past years. in this study, we assessed the outcome results of patients after druj implant arthro...

background: knee pain is one of the most common reasons patients visit their physician. in this regard magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is the tool of preference for diagnosis. the aim of this study was to determine appropriate guidelines for knee mri administration using the rand appropriateness method (ram)-2013   methods: this qualitative study was done in the mashhad university of medical s...

introduction:temporomandibular disorders (tmds) are referred to signs and symptoms involving masti catory muscles, temporomandibular joint and rele vant structures. having been prevalent noticeably, we decided to evaluate the frequency of tmd, among patients referred to the dental clinic of guilan university of medical sciences. materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study, a sample of ...

background patients who have shoulder pain usually have compensatory or contributory deviation of shoulder motion during arm elevation. in the traditional scapulohumeral rhythm, the share of the acromioclavicular (ac) and the sternoclavicular (sc) joint movements and also the role of ac internal rotation angle are unknown. objectives the main purpose of this study was to measure and compare the...