Appropriate benchmarks for water productivity (WP), defined here as the amount of grain yield produced per unit of water supply, are needed to help identify and diagnose inefficiencies in crop production and water management in irrigated systems. Such analysis is lacking for maize in the Western U.S. Corn Belt where irrigated production represents 58% of total maize output. The objective of thi...

In this paper, a practical scheme for assimilation of multi-temporal and multi-polarization ENVISAT ASAR data in rice crop model to map rice yield has been presented. To achieve this, rice distribution information should be obtained first by rice mapping method to retrieve rice fields from ASAR images, and then an assimilation method is applied to use the temporal single-polarized rice backscat...

As wafer sizes increase, the clustering phenomenon of defects increases. Clustered defects cause the conventional Poisson yield model underestimate actual wafer yield, as defects are no longer uniformly distributed over a wafer. Although some yield models, such as negative binomial or compound Poisson models, consider the effects of defect clustering on yield prediction, these models have some ...

KUSLU, Y., U. SAHIN, T. TUNC and F. M. KIZILOGLU, 2010. Determining water-yield relationship, water use efficiency, seasonal crop and pan coefficients for alfalfa in a semiarid region with high altitude. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 16: 482-492 A field study was conducted to determine effects of seasonal deficit irrigation on plant dry forage yield and water use efficiency of alfalfa for a 2-year peri...

this experiment aimed to determine evapotranspiration, and responses of some yield and quality parameters of subsurface drip irrigated broccoli (brassica oleraceae l.). treatments included water application when available soil moistures were depleted 30, 40, and 50% during both spring and autumn cultivations. under a semi-arid climatic condition of tokat, turkey, the experiment was carried out ...

This is a philosophical ‘position paper’, starting from the observation that we have an intuitive grasp of a family of related concepts of “possibility”, “causation” and “constraint” which we often use in thinking about complex mechanisms, and perhaps also in perceptual processes, which according to Gibson are primarily concerned with detecting positive and negative affordances, such as support...

The cumulative sum (CUSUM) chart, well-known to be sensitive in detecting small and moderate parameter changes, is proposed here for monitoring a high yield process. The sensitivities of the CUSUM charts based on geometric, Bernoulli and binomial counts are compared. Based on the comparisons, recommendations for the selection of a chart are provided. Simple procedures are given for optimal desi...

BACKGROUND Many Japanese believe that low-yield cigarettes are less hazardous than regular cigarettes, and many smokers consume low-yield cigarettes to reduce their risks from smoking. We evaluate the association between actual nicotine intake and brand nicotine yield, and the influence of nicotine dependence on this association. METHODS The study subjects included 458 Japanese male smokers, ...