background: the serum levels of c 3 , c4, and the total hemolytic activity of complement system (ch50) of patients ex­posed to mustard gas (mg) in the battlefield were measured in this study. methods: c3 and c4 were measured by single radial immunodifusion and ch50 was evaluated according to total hemolytic activ­ity of the serum. results:   the serum levels of c 3 showed a significant increase...

the present study investigates the effect of different exposure densities on third grade iranian junior high school (ijhs) students’ efl development and retention. it also attempts to explore whether there is any differential performance due to type of post-exposure assessment tasks (recognition vs. written production). performances of five groups of learners receiving equal amount of exposure ...

occupational asthma has been reported  to  be the most  common  chronic respiratory occupational disease in many developed countries, and  as with other  occupational lung diseases, occupational asthma is potentially preventable. we report  the case of a 24-year-old baker who experienced pneumomediastinum as a consequence of workplace exposure. this is the first report of pneumomediastinum as a...

Objective(s):Therapies with high levels of oxygen are commonly used in the management of critical care. However, prolonged exposure to hyperoxia can cause acute lung injury. Although oxidative stress and inflammation are purported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury, the exact mechanisms are still less known in the hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI).   Materials ...

Background: Flubendiamide, comparatively a new pesticide designed to eradicate lepidopteran insect pests is known to have low risk to birds, mammals, fish, algae, honey bees, non-target arthropods, earthworms, soil macro- and micro-organisms, non-target plants as well as sewage treatment organisms; however, the risk assessment for aquatic invertebrates from metabolite could not be finalized wit...

lead poisoning is a historic universal disease. acute or chronic lead exposure may cause reversible or even permanent damages in human beings. environmental lead exposure is a global health concern in children. occupational lead poisoning is still a health issue, particularly in developing countries. during the last decades, new methods and medications have been advocated for the prevention and...

We compared the impact of media vs. direct exposure on acute stress response to collective trauma. We conducted an Internet-based survey following the Boston Marathon bombings between April 29 and May 13, 2013, with representative samples of residents from Boston (n = 846), New York City (n = 941), and the remainder of the United States (n = 2,888). Acute stress symptom scores were comparable i...

Hematological parameters are suitable biomarkers for evaluating the potential risk of the chemicals. The aim of this study was to investigate of acute crude oil exposure on basic physiological functions of Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus. 210 juvenile Persian sturgeon (9.4 ± 1g) were supplied by the Rajaei fish farm in Mazandaran Province, Iran.  Juveniles were exposed to the crude oil (15...