Cytidine diphosphate monoacylglycerol was prepared by the action of snake venom phospholipase on cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol and shown to be readily acylated by rat liver microsomes. Acylation was monitored by spectrophotometric assay or by measuring the incorporation of radioactivity from ‘%-labeled acyl-CoA esters. The product was identified as CDP-diacylglycerol. The acylation reacti...

Starch is an interesting, natural, abundant and renewable raw material. For many applications, its properties can be improved by chemical modification, and acylation has been commonly used. Traditionally this makes use of powerful acylating agents (anhydrides and acid chlorides) and/or harsh conditions. Enzymatic acylation would be attractive because of the use of mild conditions, specific reac...

A novel acylation approach suited to rapid bulk thermoplasticization of lignocellulose without solvents was previously demonstrated by the authors in benchtop batch studies. The method relies upon a benzethonium chloride/sulfuric acid functionalizing agent at low concentrations act as wetting for wood pulp, similar an ionic liquid, yet binds ester flow aid final thermoplastic. present investiga...

[formula: see text] Catalytic acylation using complex transition metal salts MCo(CO)4 is demonstrated. Surprisingly, a solvent-dependent mechanistic "switch" results in a Lewis acid-based acylation mechanism in nonpolar media and a nucleophilic mechanism in polar organic media. These observations lead to the first example of a catalyzed Staudinger reaction to form beta-lactams.

Several Zn b-diiminate reagents were developed and used to mediate regioselective O-acylation reactions of therapeutic agents with anhydrides. Various prodrugs were obtained in excellent yield and high regioselectivity, including derivatives of rapamycin and paclitaxel. Furthermore, the application of regioselective acylation was extended to one-pot reactions between therapeutics and carboxylic...

Post-translational modification of lysine residues by NƐ-acylation is an important regulator of protein function. Many large-scale protein acylation studies have assessed relative changes of lysine acylation sites after antibody enrichment using mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Although relative acylation fold-changes are important, this does not reveal site occupancy, or stoichiometry, of i...

A range of N-protected-alpha-amino acyl-5,7-dinitroindolines 3a-z were prepared in good yields from commercially available N-protected-alpha-amino acids 1a-z by a two-step sequence of acylation and intramolecular amide N-arylation. Subsequent photochemical acylation of the N-protected-alpha-amino acyl-5,7-dinitroindolines 3e,g,r afforded the corresponding N-protected-alpha-amino acid amides 22e...

The smallest histone deacetylase (HDAC) and the only class IV HDAC member, HDAC11, is reported to regulate immune activation and tumorigenesis, yet its physiological function is largely unknown. Here we identify HDAC11 as an efficient lysine defatty-acylase that is >10,000-fold more efficient than its deacetylase activity. Through proteomics studies, we identified SHMT2 as a defatty-acylation s...

Conformational preferences of the pyrrolidine ring in nucleotide analogs 7-14 were investigated by means of NMR and molecular modeling. The effect of the relative configuration of hydroxy and nucleobase substituents as well as the effect of the alkylation or acylation of the pyrrolidine nitrogen atom on the conformation of the pyrrolidine ring were studied. The results of a conformational analy...