While suberin is an insoluble heteropolymer, a number of soluble lipids can be extracted by rapid chloroform dipping of roots. These extracts include esters of saturated long-chain primary alcohols and hydroxycinnamic acids. Such fatty alcohols and hydroxycinnamic acids are also present in suberin. We demonstrate that alkyl coumarates and caffeates, which are the major components of Arabidopsis...

While suberin is an insoluble heteropolymer, a number of soluble lipids can be extracted by rapid chloroform dipping of roots. These extracts include esters of saturated long-chain primary alcohols and hydroxycinnamic acids. Such fatty alcohols and hydroxycinnamic acids are also present in suberin. We demonstrate that alkyl coumarates and caffeates, which are the major components of Arabidopsis...

BACKGROUND Novel mono N-alkyl quaternary ammonium salts (3a-f) were prepared using the Menschutkin reaction from the cage adamanzane type aminal 1,3,6,8-tetraazatricyclo[4.3.1.13,8]undecane (TATU) and alkyl iodides, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl iodide (2a-f), in dry acetonitrile at room temperature. RESULTS The structures of these new quaternary ammonium salts were e...

Organic superbases reacted with alkyl iodides (R–I) to reversibly generate the corresponding alkyl radicals (R). Via this reaction, organic superbases were utilized as new and highly efficient organic catalysts in living radical polymerization. The superbase catalysts included guanidines, aminophosphines and phosphazenes. Low-polydispersity polymers (Mw/Mn = 1.1–1.4) were obtained up to high co...

The catalase-ethyl hydrogen peroxide compound studied by Stern (1) formed slowly, even in the presence of a very large concentration of ethyl hydrogen peroxide. In the previous paper (2), Stern’s compound has been shown to be preceded by a green primary compound. These kinetic studies show that the primary compound forms rapidly, has a high affinity* for its substrate, and quantitatively fulfil...

The catalase-ethyl hydrogen peroxide compound studied by Stern (1) formed slowly, even in the presence of a very large concentration of ethyl hydrogen peroxide. In the previous paper (2), Stern’s compound has been shown to be preceded by a green primary compound. These kinetic studies show that the primary compound forms rapidly, has a high affinity* for its substrate, and quantitatively fulfil...