We discuss in detail a compact all-solid-state laser delivering sub-5-fs, 2-MW pulses at repetition rates up to 1 MHz. The shortest pulse generated thus far measures only 4.6 fs. The laser system employed is based on a cavitydumped Ti:sapphire oscillator whose output is chirped in a single-mode fiber. The resulting white-light continuum is compressed in a novel high-throughput prism chirped-mir...

We present a method to perform video mosaicing for endomicroscopy with two major improvements compared to the state of the art. First, instead of using individual images directly, we start by creating sub-mosaics from short video sub-sequences using iconic registration. The sub-mosaics are then considered for feature-based registration. Second, groupwise estimation is performed between all subm...

Abstract 2D materials provide an effective strategy for the construction of fast‐responsive and highly sensitive Schottky heterojunction devices. However, strong Fermi pinning at contact between bulk metallic electrodes semiconductor greatly hinders wide application such devices in optoelectronics. Herein, a self‐powered photodetector with high performance is fabricated based on all‐2D van der ...

We propose and demonstrate an all-optical sub-carrier label-swapping subsystem with 2R regeneration and wavelength conversion. The experimental results show error-free operation as well as regenerating operation with negative power penalty. 2003 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 060.2330 Fiber optics communications, 060.4510 Optical communications

Computing confidence scores for applications, such as dialogue system, information retrieving and extraction, is an active research area. However, its focus has been primarily on computing word-, concept-, or utterance-level confidences. Motivated by the need from sophisticated dialogue systems for more effective dialogs, we generalize the confidence annotation to all the subtrees, the first ef...

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) HIV treatment guidelines have been used by various countries to revise their national guidelines. Our study discusses the national policy response to the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa and quantifies delays in adopting the WHO guidelines published in 2009, 2013 and 2015. Methods From the Internet, health authorities and experts, and community...

To predict the spread of invasive species, we need to understand the mechanisms that underlie their range expansion. Assuming random diffusion through homogeneous environments, invasions are expected to progress at a constant rate. However, environmental heterogeneity is expected to alter diffusion rates, especially by slowing invasions as populations encounter suboptimal environmental conditio...