Nineteen-ninety was a significant year for clinical islet transplantation, since after many attempts reports of short terml and prolonged2.6 insulin independence following human islet allotransplantation, indicated that it is possible to replace the endocrine function of the pancreas by an islet transplant in man. The development of improved procedures for islet isolation and purification from ...

Human facial transplantation, a form of composite tissue allotransplantation, has now become a clinical reality. We carried out the world's second partial facial transplantation in April 2006. We reviewed some issues associated with facial transplantation, especially focusing on the individual who underwent the transplant in our department. We discussed surgical indications, techniques, risks v...

Since the start of the clinical vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) era over a decade ago this field has witnessed significant developments in both basic and translational research. Transplant tolerance, defined as rejection-free acceptance of transplanted organs or tissues without long-term immunosuppression, holds the potential to revolutionize the field of VCA by removing the ne...

This is an original research of penis allotransplantation. The paper presents an experiment allogenic penis transplantation model in Beagles, with a focus on recovery of blood supply and changes in tissue architecture. Twenty adult Beagles were allocated to 10 pairs for penile transplantation. After operation, the skin and glans were observed. If adverse symptoms occurred, the transplanted peni...

Reconstructive Surgery has gained tremendous development due to the emergence of flap techniques, since last century. However, many defects and deformities still cannot be cured satisfactorily, such as severe facial defects, or deformity caused by burns, tumor resection, or trauma. It can be more complicated if the injury involves the loss of bone or cartilage. The allotransplantation of compos...

The concept of composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) for restoration of congenital or acquired deformities is not new and the recent success of clinical composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) attests to the fact that composite tissue allografts have tremendous potential in these life-enhancing reconstructions. A hand transplant, unlike a solid organ transplant, involves multiple tissue...

Once belonging to science fiction, face transplantation is a clinical reality now. The controversial first face transplantation in Amiens, France in 2005 was followed by significant ethical debate among physicians, surgeons, scientists and bioethicists. The controversies are being followed by cautious optimism and acceptance. An increasing number of surgical teams are developing protocols of co...

This article describes the localization of intact insulin-containing intrahepatic islets after combined liver-islet allotransplantation. The patient was a 36-year-old woman who underwent upper abdominal exenteration for neuroendocrine carcinoma; 289,000 islets were transplanted via portal vein infusion immediately after complete revascularization of the liver. Immunosuppression was with low-dos...

Allotransplantation of natural killer (NK) cells has been shown to be a key factor in the control and cure of at least some hematologic diseases, such as acute myeloid leukemia or pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia. These results support the idea that stimulation of NK cells could be an important therapeutic tool in many diseases, and several such approaches are now in clinical trials, someti...

Musculoskeletal allotransplantion is the most common form of human tissue transplantation. Unlike solid organ transplants, bone allotransplants undergo rigorous processing and are considered non-viable tissue. In this study, we propose that donor genetic material may exist in circulation after bone allotransplantation. Fifty-one female patients who received bone allotransplants from male donors...