TOP mRNAs encode components of the translational apparatus, and repression of their translation comprises one mechanism, by which cells encountering amino acid deprivation downregulate the biosynthesis of the protein synthesis machinery. This mode of regulation involves TSC as knockout of TSC1 or TSC2 rescued TOP mRNAs translation in amino acid-starved cells. The involvement of mTOR in translat...

Protein synthesis during germination of Bacillus megayerium spores can be divided into two stages. During the first 75 min of germination (Stage I) endogenous nitrogen reserves are sufficient to support protein synthesis, and most amino acids are generated by proteolysis of dormant spore protein. The amino acids produced are excreted initially from the spore, but then reabsorbed and partially u...

in the present study, four carbon sources were tested for the polyester synthesis of pseudomonas aeruginosa pa01 which is a ubiquitous environmental bacterium and is one of the top three causes of opportunistic human infections. these included linear c8 to c11 carboxylic acids. octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid and undecanoic acid were added to m1 minimal medium to final concentration...

Corynebacterium glutamicum, which is the closest relative of Corynebacterium efficiens, is widely used for the large scale production of many kinds of amino acids, particularly glutamic acid and lysine, by fermentation. Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which is well known as a human pathogen, is also closely related to these two species of Corynebacteria, but it lacks such productivity of amino aci...

Abstract The DWARF AND LOW TILLERRING ( DLT ) gene is a transcription factor for involved in Brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis. Manipulating BR biosynthesis will affect the height and tiller number of rice. CRISPR-Cas9 an accurate tool to edit sequence. accuracy site editing CRISPR-Cas9-mediated target determined by 20 nucleotide sequences sgRNA binding known as Protospacer Adjacent Motif (PAM)...

According to present understanding of the biosynthesis of proteins, the first steps involve activation of the ammo acids (Equation 1) followed by the transfer of the amino acids to specific amino acid-acceptor ribonucleic acids (RNA’s) (Equation 2) (for a recent review see (1)). It is believed that the amino acid-acceptor RNA’s subsequently take part, with the “template” RNA, in determining the...

BACKGROUND Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) complex is a serious insect pest of several crop plants worldwide. It comprises several morphologically indistinguishable species, however very little is known about their genetic divergence and biosynthetic pathways. In the present study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of Asia 1 species of B. tabaci complex and analyzed the interaction of host-symbio...

WRINKLED1 (WRI1), a key regulator of seed oil biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), was duplicated during the genome amplification of the cereal ancestor genome 90 million years ago. Both maize (Zea mays) coorthologs ZmWri1a and ZmWri1b show a strong transcriptional induction during the early filling stage of the embryo and complement the reduced fatty acid content of Arabidopsis ...

The gene cluster for the biosynthesis of the heterocyclic quinone antibiotic saframycin Mx1 of Myxococcus xanthus DM504/15 was inactivated and tagged by Tn5 insertions. The tagged genes were cloned in Escherichia coli and used to select overlapping cosmid clones spanning 58 kb of the M. xanthus genome. Gene disruption experiments defined a > or = 18 kb contiguous DNA region involved in saframyc...

A full-length cDNA (LC3'H) was obtained from a cDNA library of Lycoris radiata by DOP-PCR (degenerate oligonucleotide primer PCR), 3'race and 5'race methods. Compared with the other reported enzymes from different plants, the deduced amino acid sequence of LC3'H exhibits significant homologies to 3'-hydroxylases that are involved in the caffeic acid biosynthesis. These findings suggest that the...