introduction: the basic objective of this study is to investigate the effects of alpha and theta brain waves amplitude increase in occipital area on reducing the severity of symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and to increase the global functioning level in patients with gad. methods: this study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with two groups. for this purpose, 28...

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the pathogenesis of visual fatigue in patients after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation based on an evaluation of accommodation function. Methods: Thirty patients (12 males and 18 females) with high myopia underwent a toric or non-toric ICL procedure. Accommodation function was tested pre-operatively and 1, 3, and 6 months p...

Ocular accommodation provides a well-focussed image, feedback for accurate eye movement control, and cues for depth perception. To accurately perform visually guided motor tasks, integration of ocular motor systems is essential. Children with motor coordination impairment are established to be at higher risk of accommodation anomalies. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationshi...

The dynamic accommodation responses to small, abrupt changes in an accommodation stimulus were studied in two experiments. In the first, responses of 19 subjects with ages distributed between 18 and 49 years were measured for step stimuli of +/- 1.05 D. In the second, responses to small step stimuli (+/- 0.75, +/- 1.75 D) were recorded for a group of six 'young' (mean age 22, range 16-26 years)...

AIM To determine the effect of human in vivo accommodation on the stability of the crystalline lens. METHODS Using a dual Purkinje image (DPI) eyetracker, the phase-time difference and amplitudes of Purkinje images I (P(I)) and IV (P(1V)) were measured in 37 normal emmetropic subjects (34 women and 3 men; mean age 19.8, range 18-22 years) when they changed focus from 70 to 15 cm and simultane...

AIMS To investigate the change that occurs in intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) with accommodation in young adult myopes and emmetropes. METHODS Fifteen progressing myopic and 17 emmetropic young adult subjects had their IOP and OPA measured using the Pascal dynamic contour tonometer. Measurements were taken initially with accommodation relaxed, and then following 2 ...

PURPOSE The underlying causes of presbyopia, and the functional relationship between the ciliary muscle and lens during aging are unclear. In the current study, these relationships were studied in rhesus monkeys, whose accommodative apparatus and age-related loss of accommodation are similar to those in humans. METHODS Centripetal ciliary body and lens equator movements were measured during a...