Four indirect estimations of energy expenditure were examined, (i) O(2) debt, (ii) O(2) deficit, (iii) blood lactate concentration, and (iv) excess CO(2) production during and after 6 exercise durations (2, 4, 10, 15, 30, and 75 s) performed at 3 different intensities (50%, 100%, and 200% of VO(2) max). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine if significant differences existed among ...

Several studies have indicated that depressive states may lead to hypokinesia with diminished metabolic rate and energy use. Hypokinesia associated with certain eating behaviors may lead to an unfavorable energy balance that can contribute to the emergence and prevalence of obesity among children and adults. The purpose of the present study was to examine the possibility of reducing depression ...

The effect of oral creatine supplementation on aerobic and anaerobic performance was investigated in 16 elite male rowers during 7-day endurance training. Before and after the daily ingestion of 20 g creatine monohydrate for 5 days (Cr-Group, n=8) or placebo (Pl-Group, n=8), subjects performed two exercise tests on a rowing ergometer: (a) incremental exercise consisting of 3-min stage durations...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of glycerol supplementation on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance in sedentary subjects and athletes. The glycerol supplement treatments were as follows: 40 volunteers were selected and divided into two groups, sedentary and exercise groups. These two groups were further subdivided into two groups. The first group, the placebo (S), on...

Background Previous studies have indicated that ingestion of nitric oxide (NO) supplements prior to exercise may potentially enhance anaerobic performance. Collectively, NO products are marketed to increase energy, strength, stamina and endurance during anaerobic exercise. However, delivery modes and formula combinations of NO supplements differ in regards to other nutrients included (i.e., cre...

BACKGROUND Measurement of variables of metabolic gas exchange during exercise is widely used to assess the severity of heart failure. The variables derived however, are potentially dependent on motivation of the patient and duration of exercise. METHODS The data from exercise tests in 23 patients with exertional breathlessness were analysed to derive the following three common indices of exer...

When attacked by a predator, fish respond with a sudden fast-start motion away from the threat. Although this anaerobically-powered swimming necessitates a recovery phase which is fueled aerobically, little is known about links between escape performance and aerobic traits such as aerobic scope (AS) or recovery time after exhaustive exercise. Slower recovery ability or a reduced AS could make s...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether changes in the ventilation/carbon dioxide production ratio during early exercise could reliably serve as a surrogate marker for maximal oxygen consumption in heart failure patients. Maximal oxygen consumption is an important determinant of the severity of congestive heart failure with values > 14 ml/kg/min conferring a good 2-year survival. However, many patients ...

Patients with heart failure who have undergone partial left ventriculotomy improve resting left ventricular systolic function, but have limited functional capacity. We studied systolic and diastolic left ventricular function at rest and during submaximal exercise in patients with previous partial left ventriculotomy and in patients with heart failure who had not been operated, matched for maxim...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of muscular power engagement, anaerobic participation, aerobic power level, and energy expenditure on postexercise parasympathetic reactivation. We compared the response of heart rate (HR) after repeated sprinting with that of exercise sessions of comparable net energy expenditure and anaerobic energy contribution. Fifteen moderately trained ...