AIM/BACKGROUND Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major active principle of Nigella sativa seed (black seed) and is known to control many fungi, bacteria, and some viruses. However, the activity of TQ against anaerobic bacteria is not well demonstrated. Anaerobic bacteria can cause severe infections, including diarrhea, aspiration pneumonia, and brain abscess, particularly in immunodeficient individuals....

Hydrogenosomes are membrane-bounded organelles about 1 mm in size that, like mitochondria, produce ATP (Müller 1993). They compartmentalize terminal steps of anaerobic energy metabolism but, unlike mitochondria, hydrogenosomes cannot use oxygen as an electron acceptor; they reduce protons to molecular hydrogen (Embley and Martin 1998; Martin and Müller 1998; Müller 1998). Hydrogenosomes have be...

Degradation of lignocellulosic materials to release fermentable mono- and disaccharides is a decisive step toward sustainable bio-based economy, thereby increasing the demand robust highly active lignocellulolytic enzymes. Anaerobic fungi phylum Neocallimastigomycota are potent biomass degraders harboring huge variety such Compared cellulose, hemicellulose degradation has received much less att...

A mixture of L-(U-14C) amino acids was added to cultures of 11 strains of rumen anaerobic fungi belonging to Neocallimastix frontalis, Neocallimastix joyonii, Sphaeromonas communis and Piromonas communis. Fungi were grown in a complex medium with glucose for 4 days. The radioactivity was found in cellular protein (27.7-65.3% of the total radioactivity recovered), lactate (16.9-41.8%), volatile ...

The Roche Septi-Chek biphasic blood culture system with tryptic soy broth was compared with a conventional blood culture bottle with supplemented peptone broth in 6,956 paired blood cultures from adult patients. Both systems were inoculated with equal volumes of blood (5 ml) and incubated aerobically (vented) for 2 weeks. More clinically important bacteria and fungi, including Staphylococcus au...

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 465 LIGNIN AS A SUBSTRATE ............................................................................................................................... 466 MICROBIOLOGY OF LIGNIN BIODEGRADATI ON ......................................................

CONTEXT The oropharynx microbiota plays an important role in the origin of infections, especially among alcoholics whose airway defenses are impaired. OBJECTIVE To compare the normal oropharingeal flora in heavy alcohol drinker and non-alcoholics. PATIENTS 117 persons, 58 heavy alcohol drinkers and 59 non-alcoholics. SETTING Santa Casa de São Paulo Emergency Service. DESIGN A blind pros...

AIM To describe the bacterial and fungal organisms in otitis externa patients without other risk factors for fungal infections. STUDY DESIGN Cross sectional cohort descriptive study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ear swabs were obtained from 362 patients aged 1 to 55 years old with clinically diagnosed otitis externa in Erzurum, Turkey, between January 2006 and April 2007, and cultured for aerobic ...

A commercial blend of essential oil (EO) compounds was added to a grass, maize silage, and concentrate diet fed to dairy cattle in order to determine their influence on protein metabolism by ruminal microorganisms. EO inhibited (P < 0.05) the rate of deamination of amino acids. Pure-culture studies indicated that the species most sensitive to EO were ammonia-hyperproducing bacteria and anaerobi...

Anaerobic gut fungi represent a distinct early-branching fungal phylum (Neocallimastigomycota) and reside in the rumen, hindgut, and feces of ruminant and nonruminant herbivores. The genome of an anaerobic fungal isolate, Orpinomyces sp. strain C1A, was sequenced using a combination of Illumina and PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) technologies. The large genome (100.95 Mb, 16,347 genes) ...