We take the generation of Chinese classical poem lines as a sequence-to-sequence learning problem, and build a novel system based on the RNN Encoder-Decoder structure to generate quatrains (Jueju in Chinese), with a topic word as input. Our system can jointly learn semantic meaning within a single line, semantic relevance among lines in a poem, and the use of structural, rhythmical and tonal pa...

Substitution—customers' ability to choose among comparable products—is a key factor in economic competition, as it prevents any one seller from charging inordinately high prices. If two products are sufficiently similar the customer's perspective, an increase price of will generally drive customers other, thereby reducing overall revenue for company that charges higher It is not difficult find ...

the history of jahangosha is a literary-historical work created byata malik joweini using verbal and spiritual industries and several metaphors and allegories from different quranic and islamic traditions and persian and arabic poems. one important aspect of this work, adducing or borrowing from arabic distiches, is going to be analyzed in this paper. joweini has used many different arabic vers...

Love is one of the main themes poetry and its earthly heavenly types are seen in poems poets have created great beautiful interpretations. Ghased who has a skill using words, depicting image love various forms. The messenger tried to express his pure for beloved images sonnets, although sometimes he made seem virtual or real. In opinion, place undisputed, this painful way, you endured suffering...

the fivefold elements of elegy which has come from classical arabic criticism has special place in hoboubi,s poem.hoboubi, like his other contemporaries, insisted on using these elements and applied their rules and regulations on the basis of the former critics,s ideas in his poem well and nicely. he believed that the elements of the ancient poem are valuable heritage in literature which is rem...

While our knowledge about ancient civilizations comes mostly from studies in archaeology and history books, much can also be learned or confirmed from literary texts. Using natural language processing techniques, we present aspects of ancient China as revealed by statistical textual analysis on the Complete Tang Poems, a 2.6-million-character corpus of all surviving poems from the Tang Dynasty ...

Waka is a form of traditional Japanese poetry with a 1300year history. In this paper we attempt to semi-automatically discover instances of poetic allusion, or more generally, to find similar poems in anthologies of waka poems. The key to success is how to define the similarity measure on poems. We first examine the existing similarity measures on strings, and then give a unifying framework tha...

abstract nizar qabbani is known among arab poets as a poet of love and women. in fact these two words in the dictionary of nizar go out of the framework of definitions and restrictions that make it into the department of the collector and the inhibitor. he tried hard to find these adorable in this picturesque valley; but he did not know her way, however, may open doors to women. in the poems of...