Local anesthetics are commonly used in the perioperative environment to facilitate surgical procedures or to provide postoperative pain management for patients. The use of local anesthetics, however, introduces the risk of complications resulting from local anesthetic systemic toxicity and the risks of increased morbidity and mortality for the surgical patient. Systemic toxicity from the inject...

PURPOSE Research studies have demonstrated the need for and the ability of dental hygienists to provide local anesthetics for pain control and reduction of patient anxiety. Although two-thirds of state dental practice laws allow these services to be performed by dental hygienists, controversy exists between organized dentistry and dental hygiene regarding the administration of local anesthetics...

Introduction: Mitochondrial Disorders (1/4,000 patients) are rare and caused by dysfunctional mitochondria. Anesthetic consideration in patients with involves careful preoperative perioperative observations. Objective: To provide a brief insight into how general anesthetics interfere mitochondrial energy formation pathways help form precautions for anesthesiologists when managing Disorder. Revi...

abstract several medications have been proposed as the first line drugs in the treatment of migraine attack. however, the low efficacy, potential complications of medications and the intolerance of some patients for oral route due to nausea and vomiting establish a difficult situation in some migraine patients. this report describes a dramatic pain relief with 60 mg of intravenous propofol in a...

local anesthesia forms the major part of pain-control techniques in dentistry. the prevention and elimination of pain during dental treatment has benefited patients, their doctors and dental hygienists, enabling the dental profession to make tremendous therapeutic advances that would otherwise have been impossible. introduced in the late 1940s, the amide local anesthetics represent the most use...

BACKGROUND This investigation examined the possibility that the inhibitory effect of halothane on nonshivering thermogenesis (heat production) in brown adipocytes is not a universal effect of all anesthetic agents but related to the type of anesthetic. METHODS Brown adipocytes from hamster were isolated with a collagenase digestion method and incubated with anesthetic agents. The rate of oxyg...

Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) results in cerebral edema formation, which is a major cause for high mortality after traumatic brain injury (TBI). As anesthetic care is mandatory in patients suffering from severe TBI it may be important to elucidate the effect of different anesthetics on cerebral edema formation. Tight junction proteins (TJ) such as zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and cla...