Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is a widely used index of water-quality assessment. Since bioelectrochemical BOD biosensors require anaerobic conditions for anodic reactions, they are not directly used in aerobic environments such as aeration tanks. Normally, the BOD biosensors are closed-type, where the anode is packed inside a closed chamber to avoid exposure to oxygen. In this study, a novel...

The mechanical and electrochemical performance of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) were investigated regarding a novel improvement in the load-carrying capacity and durability of reinforced concrete structures by adopting CFRP as both a structural strengthener and an anode of the impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system. The mechanical and anode performance of CFRP were investi...

By using two spatially separated reference electrodes in a single cell proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the individual potentials of the anode and cathode are recorded under realistic operating conditions. The PEMFC was operated under dead-end anode (DEA) mode, without any humidification, to mitigate water accumulation at the anode. Although N2 crossover from cathode to anode may pla...

The effects of anode temperature on the performance of a 4.5 kW Hall-effect thruster are investigated. The approach separates the location of gas injection from discharge current collection using an anode band, which removes the main mechanism that heats the gas distributor. A thermal model predicts a 270 K reduction of the gas distributor temperature, which corresponds to a 28% increase in the...

Geobacter spp. can acquire energy by coupling intracellular oxidation of organic matter with extracellular electron transfer to an anode (an electrode poised at a metabolically oxidizing potential), forming a biofilm extending many cell lengths away from the anode surface. It has been proposed that long-range electron transport in such biofilms occurs through a network of bound redox cofactors,...

A shorter start-up time and highly negative anode potentials are needed to improve single-chamber air-cathode microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Using a glass fiber separator reduced the start-up time from 10d to 8d at 20°C, and from 4d to 2d at 30°C, and enhanced coulombic efficiency (CE) from <60% to 89% (20°C) and 87% (30°C). Separators also reduced anode potentials by 20-190mV, charge transfer re...

Introduction: The direct use of CH4 as the feed to the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) will allow elimination of a reformer, simplifying the SOFC system and decreasing the system cost [1]. The overall reaction on the anode catalyst in the direct CH4 SOFC is the electrochemical oxidation of CH4: CH4 + 4O CO2 + 2H2O + 8e. Due to the nature of hydrocarbon reactions at high temperature and the reducin...

DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201501933 one of the most promising lithium-based batteries, the Li-S batteries are appealing as both the sulfur cathode and the lithiummetal anode offer an order of magnitude higher charge-storage capacity compared to the currently used insertion-compound electrodes. [ 16,17 ] In addition, sulfur is abundant and environmentally benign while lithium metal offers a desirable lo...

For future applications in portable electronics, electric vehicles and grid storage, batteries with higher energy storage density than existing lithium ion batteries need to be developed. Recent efforts in this direction have focused on high-capacity electrode materials such as lithium metal, silicon and tin as anodes, and sulphur and oxygen as cathodes. Lithium metal would be the optimal choic...