aim: the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major health-care problem worldwide. who recommends did (daily defined dose/ 100 inhabitant /day) as a standard tool for measurement of antibiotic consumption. since there was not any information regarding the antibiotics usage pattern in the north of iran, the aim of this study was determine this in our centre.method: this cr...

At first glance, it might surprise when an editorial series in a scientific journal asks how science will help to create companies and jobs. However, a recent ‘Nature’ editorial has encouraged ‘research leaders in the United States and elsewhere to address the needs and employment prospects of taxpayers who have seen little benefit from scientific advances’ (Editorial, 2017). Therefore, mundane...

To get rid of problematic reports of H. pylori colonization, clinicians’ optimal goal should be to totally bacterial elimination from clinical and environmental samples. 

Background The timing of intravenous antibiotic administration and lactate measurement is associated with survival of septic shock patients. Septic shock patients were admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) from 2 major sources: hospital ward and emergency department (ED). This study aimed to compare the timing of antibiotic administration and lactate measurement between hospital wa...

INTRODUCTION In overcrowded emergency department (ED) care, short time to start effective antibiotic treatment has been evidenced to improve infection-related clinical outcomes. Our objective was to study factors associated with delays in initial ED care within an international prospective medical ED patient population presenting with acute infections. METHODS We report data from an internati...

Resistance to antibiotics is a worldwide concern and community pharmacies can play a strategic role in controlling this issue through rationalizing antibiotic consumption. Considering that dispensing any type of antibiotics without a prescription is prohibited in according to Iran’s regulations, this study was conducted to quantify the rate of antibiotic dispensing without a prescription by pha...

Results We identified 75 patients admitted with severe sepsis, with an average age of 75.7 ± 13 years, and an overall hospital mortality of 47%. The patients included had in average 3 severity criteria, mainly acute kidney injury (67%), altered state of consciousness (51%), hypotension (56%), and lactate above 36 mg/dL (34%). Only 31% of the patients received antibiotic treatment in the first 3...

Background: Appearance of multi-drug resistance (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii imposes limitation on antibiotic therapy in patients. Detection of MDR A. baumannii can play a crucial role to prevent MDR strains spreading in hospitals. The aim of this study was determination the efflux pumps gene expression in tigecyclin resistance strains in collected isolates from selected training hospitals in ...

antibiotic guidelines have proven to be a simple and effective intervention to guide the choice of appropriate empiric antibiotic regimens. the goals of this study were to evaluate adherence to guidelines and streamlining of antibiotics. hospital records of hospitalized patients in infectious diseases ward imam khomeini hospital, tehran, iran, from may 2008 to september 2009 were reviewed. adhe...

transurethral ureterolithotripsy (tul) is a frequently used procedure in urology departments. many urologists perform tul without antibiotic prophylaxis; however the use of chemoprophylaxis before tul remains a controversial issue in urology. thisstudy was carried out to assess the safety of omitting antibiotic prophylaxis prior to tul. in a prospective randomized clinical trial from january 20...