نتایج جستجو برای: antiviral immunity
تعداد نتایج: 114366 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Plants and invertebrates can protect themselves from viral infection through RNA silencing. This antiviral immunity involves production of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (viRNAs) and results in specific silencing of viruses by viRNA-guided effector complexes. The proteins required for viRNA production as well as several key downstream components of the antiviral immunity pathway have been...
The RNAi pathway confers antiviral immunity in insects. Virus-specific siRNA responses are amplified via the reverse transcription of viral RNA to viral DNA (vDNA). The nature, biogenesis, and regulation of vDNA are unclear. We find that vDNA produced during RNA virus infection of Drosophila and mosquitoes is present in both linear and circular forms. Circular vDNA (cvDNA) is sufficient to prod...
10.1128/JVI.79.21.13561-13571.2005. 2005, 79(21):13561. DOI: J. Virol. Warr Chapman, Paul S. Gross, Craig L. Browdy and Gregory W. Prior, Guillermo Jaramillo, Edward Scura, Robert W. Javier Robalino, Thomas Bartlett, Eleanor Shepard, Sarah Invertebrate Antiviral Response? Interference and Innate Immunity in the Marine Shrimp: Convergence of RNA Addition to Nonspecific Immunity in a Sequence-Spe...
Across metazoans, innate immunity is vital in defending organisms against viral infection. In mammals, antiviral innate immunity is orchestrated by interferon signaling, activating the STAT transcription factors downstream of the JAK kinases to induce expression of antiviral effector genes. In the nematode C. elegans, which lacks the interferon system, the major antiviral response so far descri...
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein involved in both innate immunity and adaptive immunity. However, the function of OPN, especially the intracellular form OPN (iOPN) on innate antiviral immune response remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that iOPN is an essential positive regulator to protect the host from virus infection. OPN deficiency or knockdown significantly attenuated viru...
APOBEC proteins appeared in the cellular battle against HIV-1 as part of intrinsic cellular immunity. The antiretroviral activity of some of these proteins is overtaken by the action of HIV-1 Viral Infectivity Factor (Vif) protein. Since the discovery of APOBEC3G (A3G) as an antiviral factor, many advances have been made to understand its mechanism of action in the cell and how Vif acts in orde...
Molluscs, comprising one of the most successful phyla, lack clear evidence of adaptive immunity and yet thrive in the oceans, which are rich in viruses. There are thought to be nearly 120,000 species of Mollusca, most living in marine habitats. Despite the extraordinary abundance of viruses in oceans, molluscs often have very long life spans (10 to 100 years). Thus, their innate immunity must b...
Previously, it was believed that type III interferon (IFN-III) has functions similar to those of I (IFN-I). However, recently, emerging findings have increasingly indicated the non-redundant role IFN-III in innate antiviral immune responses. Still, regulatory activity adaptive response not been clearly reported yet due low expression receptors on most cells. In present study, we reviewed adjuva...
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