we studied the effect of the selective alha-2 adrenoceptor blocker idazoxan and precursor serotonin (5-htp) on anxiety-related behavior in rats. the conflict drinking test, and evaluator plus-maze were used as model. idazoxan (2 mg/kg) showed an anticonflict effect, having doses dependently increased the number of punished lickes. 5-htp showed that anxiolytic-like effect in both models. this dr...

introduction: previous studies have shown that cannabinoidergic system is involved in anxiety. however, there are controversial reports in the experimental studies. the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of pharmacological stimulation or blocking of cb1 receptors and inhibition of endocannabinoid degradation in anxiety like behavior in elevated plus-maze (epm) test in rat. the epm is o...

BACKGROUND Exposure to stress in early life is correlated with the development of anxiety disorders in adulthood. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, but an imbalance in corticosteroid receptor (CR) expression in the limbic system, particularly the hippocampus, has been implicated in the etiology of anxiety disorders. However, little is known about how prepubertal stress in the ...

The oxidative imbalance appears to have an important role in anxiety development. Studies in both humans and animals have shown a strong correlation between anxiety and oxidative stress. In humans, for example, the increased malondialdehyde levels and discrepancies in antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes have been observed. In animals, several studies also show that anxiety-like behavior is rela...

Information processing biases, such as interpretation bias and attention bias, play a significant role in social anxiety disorder (Williams et al., 1997). Interpretation bias refers to the tendency to interpret both negative and neutral stimuli as more negative than they are objectively. Attention bias refers to the tendency to attend preferentially to threatening stimuli. Socially anxious indi...

Tiffany A. Wills: Effects of Repeated Ethanol Withdrawals and Stress/Withdrawal Paradigms in Adolescent Rats (Under the Direction of Dr. George R. Breese) Adolescence is a period of development that is marked with increased vulnerability to the use and abuse of alcohol. Many studies have illustrated that adolescents respond to ethanol in ways that are distinct from adults. The adult literature ...

Background and aims . Different factors affect children's behavior during dental treatment, including psychological and behavioral characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of self-concept on child's anxiety and behavior during dental treatment in 4 to 6-year-old children. Materials and methods. A total of 235 preschoolers aged 4 to 6 years were included in this des...

Social isolation of rats during the early part of development increases social anxiety-like behavior in adulthood. Furthermore, early-life social isolation increases the levels of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus (dRN) of adult rats. Interactions between serotonin and CRF systems are thought to mediate anxiety behavior. Therefore, we invest...