Alcohol dependence is characterized by conflict between approach and avoidance motivational orientations for alcohol that operate in automatic and controlled processes. This article describes the first study to investigate the predictive validity of these motivational orientations for relapse to drinking after discharge from alcohol detoxification treatment in alcohol-dependent patients. One hu...

BACKGROUND The role of cognitive appraisal of the threat of alcohol relapse has received little attention. A previous instrument, the Relapse Situation Appraisal Questionnaire (RSAQ), was developed to assess cocaine users' primary appraisal of the threat of situations posing a high risk for cocaine relapse. The purpose of the present study was to modify the RSAQ in order to measure primary appr...

Drug and alcohol dependence is a chronic relapsing disorder so that there is a need for continued care to prevent relapses. Relapse is generally understood as a return to earlier pattern of use for a drug after a period abstinence. The factors leading to relapse can be intra-psychic and interpersonal. In an attempt to understand the factors leading to first use and relapse in opioid dependence ...

36 T reatment for alcohol dependence in the 21st century has the option of adding pharmacotherapy to traditional treatment approaches, which have primarily included drug and alcohol counseling, newer specialized behavioral therapies, and support groups. While alcohol treatment outcomes with counseling or behavioral treatments are better than what most people think, relapse rates remain unaccept...

BACKGROUND Early alcohol use is associated with abuse and dependence of licit and illicit substances later in life. The role of genetic and environmental factors in this association is not conclusive. METHOD In 1992, data on substance use, abuse/dependence and psychiatric disorders were collected from 8169 male twin members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. The interview obtained age of onset...

For decades predictors of alcohol use disorder (AUD) relapse have been studied, and around 40 different clinical demographic determinants identified. This paper aims to investigate the relationship two these AUD factors, namely craving meaning in life (MiL). We hypothesized that greater would be associated with lower cravings rates. An subsample 81 patients within a population participated ongo...

OBJECTIVE To examine the extent to which peer drug use and sibling drug use predict alcohol abuse/dependence disorder status and the use of drugs other than alcohol among school-based youth in Mexico. METHODS Data were collected on 1 203 middle and high school students in northern Mexico in May 1998. Participation was voluntary, and responses were confidential. Logistic regression analyses es...