I n his farewell address to the nation, President Eisenhower told Americans that the military–industrial complex offered enormous potential for abuse if not properly constrained. The problem has become much larger than he imagined. We now have a selfsustaining and self-regulating national militaryindustrial-surveillance-politicalmedia-prison-energy-academicreligious-medical-legal-think-tank com...

This study attempts to provide an alternative methodology to calculate the horizontal equalization transfers. This methodology follows the Australian horizontal equalization principle using a panel model methodology where both revenue and expenditure side considerations are involved. First, it applies the Canadian model in calculating the fiscal capacity equalization. Then the expenditure side ...

It is the end of semester and you have two students waiting to talk with you about their score in the final exam. You know what they want. Are you sure they deserve to fail? Are you wondering if that student who miraculously passed, deserved to pass? You are a fair teacher, and put all your effort into elaborating a fair final exam but have you ever tested how reliable your final exam was? Do y...

In contrast to the general trend for glaciers of the Southern Patagonia Icefield, Glaciar Pio XI has experienced a large cumulative frontal advance since 1945. In an effort to better understand this advancing behaviour, this paper presents a synoptic analysis of frontal fluctuations (1998–2014), ice velocities (1986–2014), ice-surface elevations (1975–2007) and supraglacial moraines (1945–2014)...

In recent decades, traditional pathology education methodologies have been noticeably affected by new teaching approaches, including problem-based learning (PBL) and team-based learning (TBL). However, lack of outcome-based studies has hindered the extensive application of the TBL approach in the teaching of pathology in Chinese medical schools. In this study, a pilot TBL format on four topics ...

Pedagogical strategies are policies for a tutor to decide the next action when there are multiple actions available. When the content is controlled to be the same across experimental conditions, there has been little evidence that tutorial decisions have an impact on students’ learning. In this paper, we applied Reinforcement Learning (RL) to induce two sets of pedagogical policies from pre-exi...

In the 2010/11 academic year the Institute of Informatics at Wroclaw University of Technology issued ’Software Engineering Team Project’ as a course being a part of the final exam to earn bachelor’s degree. The main assumption about the course was that it should simulate the real environment (a virtual IT company) for its participants. The course was aimed to introduce issues regarding programm...

This essay examines the results of a pilot study undertaken at George Mason University as a joint effort between the Psychology Department and the Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution. The authors discuss the task of behavioralizing tactics commonly used in conflict situations, defining particular conflict styles often used by participants in conflicts, and the ability of the particip...