BACKGROUND Transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) is a risk factor for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in trauma patients. Yet, there is a paucity of information regarding the risk of ARDS with incremental PRBCs exposure. METHODS For this retrospective analysis, eligible patients from National Study on Costs and Outcomes of Trauma were included. Our main exposure was defined...

INTRODUCTION Neutropenia recovery may be associated with deterioration in oxygenation and exacerbation of pre-existing pulmonary disease. However, risk factors for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during neutropenia recovery in patients with hematologic malignancies have not been studied. METHODS We studied critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies with the dual objectiv...

INTRODUCTION Recent advances in technology and protocols have made the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) a viable rescue therapy for patients with ARDS who present with refractory hypoxemia. Despite the lack of strong evidence supporting the use of ECMO in ARDS, its use seems to be increasing. We sought to determine recent trends in the use of ECMO for ARDS. We also assessed tre...

Trauma, hemorrhagic shock, or sepsis can incite systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which can result in early acute lung injury (EALI). As EALI advances, improperly set mechanical ventilation (MV) can amplify early injury into a secondary ventilator-induced lung injury that invariably develops into overt ARDS. Once established, ARDS is refractory to most therapeutic strategies, which have ...

Villar et al. [1] suggest four methodological sources of “bias” that could have led to an overestimation of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) incidence in the LUNG SAFE study [2]. First, they suggest that an “unvalidated algorithm” was used to classify patients with ARDS. We simply utilized the Berlin Definition for ARDS [3]. When the Berlin criteria were met, patients were classif...

OBJECTIVES Several studies have been published in western literature on incidence, prevalence, clinical course, outcome and mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). There are very few studies on the pattern of ARDS seen in Indian population. There are anecdotal reports of ARDS associated with different tropical diseases and the exact association of these life-threa...

Little is known about neutrophil (PMN) apoptosis in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We uses morphologic criteria to count apoptotic PMN in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of 35 patients on Days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 of ARDS and 13 patients on Days 1 and 3 of risk for ARDS. We found that the proportion of apoptotic PMN in BAL was low throughout the course of ARDS. There was no s...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute-onset hypoxic condition with radiographic bilateral lung infiltration. It is characterized by an acute exudative phase combining diffuse alveolar damage and lung edema followed by a later fibroproliferative phase. Despite an improved understanding of ARDS pathobiology, our ability to predict the development of ARDS and risk-stratify patient...

Abnormalities of pulmonary function occur following the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To determine if open lung biopsy (OLB) during ARDS predicts late pulmonary function abnormalities, we examined nine survivors of ARDS who had OLB during ARDS. Open lung biopsy was performed within two weeks of the diagnosis of ARDS, and the following were scored by a pulmonary pathologist as to e...

Results 5 patients presented mild, 12 moderate and 3 severe ARDS. In mild and moderate ARDS a consistent lung fraction is homogeneous with a high [F]FDG metabolic activity (53 ± 14% and 53 ± 20%). Inhomogeneous lung fraction with a higher [F]FDG uptake increases from mild to severe (12 ± 3%, 16 ± 9% and 27 ± 11%). On the other hand, the homogeneous parenchyma with normal [F]FDG uptake decreases...