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The authors argue that complementary hostile and benevolent components of sexism exist across cultures. Male dominance creates hostile sexism (HS), but men's dependence on women fosters benevolent sexism (BS)--subjectively positive attitudes that put women on a pedestal but reinforce their subordination. Research with 15,000 men and women in 19 nations showed that (a) HS and BS are coherent con...
A total of 90 Flavobacterium columnare isolates were recovered from predominant wild fish species in the Mobile River, Alabama, USA. Isolates were identified and confirmed by fatty acid methyl ester analysis and specific PCR amplification. Genomovar ascription was performed using 16S-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The majority of genomovar I isolates were recovered fr...
The two principal areas of natural language processing research in pragmatics are belief modelling and speech act processing. Belief modelling is the development of techniques to represent the mental attitudes of a dialogue participant. The latter approach, speech act processing, based on speech act theory, involves viewing dialogue in planning terms. Utterances in a dialogue are modelled as st...
In situations where the behavior of a system must be interpreted because its state is not accessible, it is useful to explain observed behavior in mentalistic terms. This paper presents a formalism based on propositional dynamic logic to model ascription of beliefs, goals, or plans on grounds of observed actions. The formalism is used to provide semantics for an existing approach to abducing th...
The debate between the theory-theory and simulation has largely ignored issues of cognitive architecture. In the philosophy of psychology, cognition as symbol manipulation is the orthodoxy. The challenge from connectionism, however, has attracted vigorous and renewed interest. In this paper I adopt connectionism as the antecedent of a conditional: If connectionism is the correct account of cogn...
1 Introduction According to inferential role semantics (IRS), for an expression to have a particular meaning or express a certain concept is for subjects to be disposed to make, or to treat as proper, certain inferential transitions involving that expression. 1 Such a theory of meaning is holistic, since according to it the meaning or concept any given expression possesses or expresses depends ...
In this paper, I analyse a finding by Riggs et al. (1998) that there is a close connection between people’s ability to reason with counterfactual conditionals and their capacity to attribute false beliefs to others. The result indicates that both processes may be governed by one cognitive mechanism, though false belief attribution seems to be slightly more cognitively demanding. Given that the ...
Abstract This article empirically explores the interplay between secular, post-Lutheran majority culture and Muslim immigrants in Sweden. It presents ambiguous role of religion country’s mainstream discourse, othering that is characteristic to this, expectations Muslims be strongly religious follows as its consequence. Four results a web-panel survey with Swedes Christian family background are ...
This special issue brings together empirical studies that investigate how bodily practices feature in action formation and ascription multilingual interaction (Schegloff, 2007; Levinson, 2013). Grounded video-based conversation analysis drawing on data from diverse sociomaterial settings, the articles contingent interactional processes through which speakers different language backgrounds accom...
Models of agents that employ formal notions of mental states are useful and often eas ier to construct than models at the sym bol e g programming language or physi cal e g mechanical level In order to en joy these bene ts we must supply a coher ent picture of mental level models that is a description of the various components of the mental level their dynamics and their inter relations However ...
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