*Correspondence: Liz M. Díaz-Vázquez, Lab CN 202A, Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico Rio Piedras Campus, Barbosa Ave-Ponce de León Avenue, San Juan, PR 00931, USA e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Algae biomasses are considered a viable option for the production of biofuel because of their high yields of oil produced per dry weight. Brown macroalgae Sargassum spp...

In natural world, lignin is unique and the most abundant renewable carbon source after cellulose, therefore, more applications of adding commercial value of lignin are needed. Polylactic acid (PLA), which has the second highest consumption of bioplastic in the world, is a biodegradable composite with widely application in industry. A filler adding into PLA can decrease the cost of the composite...

in this study, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimum raw sugar beet juice purification process conditions using bentonite to produce inverted liquid sugar. for this purpose, impact of factors on the purification process such as bentonite concentration (1-5 gr/li), ph (3.5-6) and temperature (35-95 ˚c) was investigated. for each response, a second-order polynomial model ...

Basic properties of fly ash samples from different urban waste combustion facilities in China were analyzed using as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The leaching toxicity procedure and some factors influencing heavy metals distribution in fly ash were further investigated. Experimental results indicate that the fly ash structures are comple...

We studied the host selection behavior and feeding preference of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). A. planipennis is an exotic forest insect pest native to Asia that was discovered in North America in 2002 and is causing widespread mortality of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in southeast Michigan and surrounding states. We compared host selection and fee...

The study aimed at evaluating the humic substances (HSs) content from municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash and its variation with time and the effect of temperature on HSs formation. The process suggested by IHSS was applied to extract HSs from two different bottom ash samples, and the extracted efficiency with NaOH and Na4P2O7 was compared. MSWI bottom ash samples were incubated...

In order to study the application of lime-fly ash loess in permafrost subgrade engineering, uniaxial compressive test, fast direct shearing test and permeability tests were carried out on lime-fly ash loess under different curing ages and freeze-thaw cycles. Uniaxial compressive strength of lime-fly ash loess increases slowly with the curing ages, and can reach 3.5 Mpa after the curing ages of ...

Characteristics of biomass used as fuel and distinct ash flows in a thermal power plant with BFBC (bubbling fluidised bed combustion) technology were studied. An integrated approach involving chemical composition, microscopy analysis, mineralogy, and thermal behaviour were used to characterize the ash. The ashes have a low unburned content, typically below 3 wt.% (dry basis), with higher values...

calcite and possibly other carbonates which coat he surfaces of cleats. If the calcite is not removed by washing then it adds CaO lo that already in the ash. If the ash concentration is low then this addition of CaO can cause the concentration in the ash to rise markedly. The mineralogy of the ash ensures that it also contains some CaO. The concentration of this component of the CaO probably...