Introduction This chapter explores some of the main issues related to the regulation of the cultural sector, with specific reference to heritage. As the range of activities in the cultural field raises so many different economic questions, not all of them can be dealt with in the space available. Therefore the analysis is restricted mainly to issues connected with built heritage. So far, the to...

Stratified air distribution systems such as Traditional Displacement Ventilation (TDV) and UnderFloor Air Distribution (UFAD) systems have been known to provide better indoor air quality. This study examined the influence of several key design parameters on air distribution effectiveness by using a validated CFD program. The parameters studied were space type, diffuser number, supply air temper...

Steven T. Taylor, P.E., is a principal of Taylor Engineering in Alameda, Calif. He is a former member of ASHRAE Standing Standards Project Committee (SSPC) 90.1 and former chairman of SSPC 62.1. everal articles over the last several years have extolled the virtues of primary-only variable flow chilled water pumping systems compared to the conventional primary-secondary pumping system. One artic...

ASHRAE 55-2004 and ISO 7730 standards failed to predict actual comfort level and lead to oversize design of HVAC system. So proper thermal environment monitoring is an important subject to have right size of HVAC systems. A prototype thermal EM system has been developed. Thermal environment parameters such as: temperature, relative humidity, CO and CO2 are measured by using the developed system...

Existing standards and guidelines can provide an appropriate framework for evaluating performance, reliability, and other factors while operating close to the prescribed limits of ambient temperature ranges. This paper describes the results of a study in which under certain load conditions an Intel® Xeon® processor-based system designed for a Class A2 environment1 as defined by the American Soc...

By comparing EnergyPlus with other energy simulation tools, this paper explores how to use EnergyPlus to construct models to accurately simulate complex building systems as well as the interrelationships among sub-systems such as HVAC, lighting and service hot water systems. Then energy consumption and cost of a large public building is simulated and calculated for LEED certification using Ener...