Based on data from nine Asian markets, this study investigates the relationship between bank concentration and the borrowing cost risk of firms. Over the study period, the concentration of banks increased in the developed countries and decreased in developing countries. After the 2007– 2008 financial crisis, the borrowing cost risk increased in both the developed and developing economies. The e...

natural gas is one of the hydrocarbon resources which is consumed vastly in the world. the asian and european markets, facing with a growing demand of hydrocarbon resources especially natural gas, are the most important consuming markets. hence, the security of natural gas supply is very important. based on the estimation of gas supply security index (gssi), the amount of vulnerability of selec...

For many years the economies of South East Asia were regarded as models for economic development. The four tigers, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan, grew from low levels of income per head to among the highest in the world in a few decades. The newly industrializing economies of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand had also started to grow at an extremely rapid rate. The Philippines had...

East Asian countries are booming with both technological and demographic advances. They have traditionally developed their economies by being licensed foreign Information and Communications Technology (ICT) standards and using them to develop their home market and to export products. This chapter proposes that East Asian countries should start to develop a leadership role in global ICT standard...

Abstract T he relationship between public sector deficits and inflation is one of the important and controversial issues in the academic literature as well as in economic policy field. On the other hand, a major objective of macroeconomic policies is to foster economic growth and to keep inflation on a low level. So keeping the price stability plays an important role in de...