Hard Xand γ-ray spectra and light curves resulting from radioactive decays are computed for aspherical (jet-like) and energetic supernova models (representing a prototypical hypernova SN 1998bw), using a 3D energyand time-dependent Monte Carlo scheme. The emission is characterized by (1) early emergence of high energy emission, (2) large line-to-continuum ratio, and (3) large cut-off energy by ...

We design freeform lenses refracting an arbitrarily given incident field into a given fixed direction. In the near field case, we study the existence of lenses refracting a given bright object into a predefined image. We also analyze the existence of systems of mirrors that solve the near field and the far field problems for reflection.

In this paper, we show that an aspherical compact graph manifold is nonpositively curved if and only if its fundamental group virtually embeds into a right-angled Artin group. As a consequence, nonpositively curved graph manifolds have linear fundamental groups.

A fully 3D Monte Carlo scheme is applied to compute optical bolometric light curves for aspherical (jet-like) supernova explosion models. Our computations make use of realistic γ-ray transport, 3D time-dependent optical transport with no approximations on geometry, as well as density and abundance distributions obtained from hydrodynamic explosion models. Our models show initially a very large ...

This paper describes an ultra precision polishing method of aspherical mirrors, and the fundamental research on polishing characteristics. The aspherical mirrors with a diameter of about 30mm made by fused silica glass and CVD-SiC were ELID (electrolytic in-process dressing)-ground to high form accuracy with #4000 cast iron bonded diamond wheel, and then polished with a small polishing tool. As...