context the pnpla3 i148m variant has been recognized as a genetic determinant of liver fat content and a genetic risk factor of liver damage progression associated with steatohepatitis. the i148m variant is associated with many chronic liver diseases. however, its potential association with inflammatory and autoimmune liver diseases has not been established. evidence acquisition we systemically...

autoimmunity and viral infections are closely associated fields, and viruses have been proposed as a likely aetiological, contributory or triggering factors of systemic autoimmune diseases. hepatitis c virus seems to be the virus usually associated with the appearance of autoimmune diseases, and the relationship between chronic hepatitis c virus infection and some autoimmune disease has been st...

BACKGROUND Although the pathomechanisms of autoimmune diseases in various organs remain unresolved, an accumulation of autoimmune diseases in individual patients has been observed. An overlap of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) or primary sclerosing cirrhosis has been well documented. However, the overlap of autoimmune diseases other than PBC or PSC has not yet bee...

1Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China 2Laboratory of Autoimmunity, School of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA 3Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7660, USA 4Department of Rheumatology, Peking Un...

1 Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111221 Bogota, Colombia 2 ZabludowitczCenter forAutoimmuneDiseases, ShebaMedical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Sackler Faculty ofMedicine, Tel AvivUniversity, 52621 Tel-Hashomer, Israel 3 Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany 4...

Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that depletes B cells from the circulation. It was originally used to treat lymphoma but is increasingly used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Rituximab was found to be effective in randomised controlled trials for rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis and other antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides. However, evi...

The second most common cause of chronic renal failure is glomerulonephritis, which is a collective term used for numerous diseases with the common denominator of histological renal inflammation emanating from the glomerular tuft. Whether all forms of glomerulonephritis should be considered as autoimmune disease is debatable, but immune mechanisms are important in all of them. This review focuse...

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are a group of cytoplasmic sensors that survey danger signals released by invading pathogen or damaged self-tissues. NLRs can be categorized into subgroups based on their ability to form inflammasome, potentiate inflammatory signaling, act as transcriptional regulators and negatively regulate inflammatory pathways. NLRP12, fi...

Introduction: Leptin, an anti-obesity hormone, is also a regulator of the immune response whichsends important signals regarding the metabolic status and immune system function. Thishormone/cytokine can affect the secretion of acute phase proteins such as Interleukin-1 and TNF-αand facilitate communication between nutrition and Th1 immune response so that when the foodintake...