recessive forms (1–3), autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) with an incidence of 1 : 500 to 1 : 1000 is one of the commonest hereditary diseases (4). Some 5 million people worldwide are affected. In many countries ADPKD is the fourth most frequent cause of end-stage renal failure. About 85% of these diseases are caused by mutations in the PKD1 gene, the remaining 15% are due to ...

Th e hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndromes (HIES) comprise a group of primary immunodefi ciency dis orders that exhibit markedly elevated IgE levels, recur rent staphylococcal skin abscesses, eczema and pulmonary infections. Both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms of the disorder have been described. Most autosomal dominant HIES (AD-HIES) have been found to be due to mutations i...

A large family (13 affected members in three generations) is reported in which isolated microcephaly occurred without any other dysmorphic or neurological abnormalities. The family pedigree confirms the autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with incomplete penetrance, including one example of male to male transmission and the occurrence of a non-manifesting heterozygote resulting in a 'skipped...

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most prevalent, potentially lethal, monogenic disorder. It is associated with large interfamilial and intrafamilial variability, which can be explained to a large extent by its genetic heterogeneity and modifier genes. An increased understanding of the disorder's underlying genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms and a better appreciation ...

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited cause of kidney disease. Enlarging cysts within the kidneys are the clinical hallmark of the disease. Renal manifestations include varying degrees of kidney injury, urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and hematuria. Extrarenal manifestations can include pain, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, hepati...

Copyright © 2008 Massachusetts Medical Society. Shortly after being elbowed in the flank during a pickup basketball game, a 35-year-old healthy man has severe, colicky abdominal pain followed by gross hematuria. He is hospitalized, and a renal ultrasound scan reveals bilateral polycystic kidneys and liver cysts, previously unknown to the patient. The blood pressure is 160/100 mm Hg. The serum c...

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A method is presented for estimating the probability of an affected child being born to a clinically unaffected subject who is at risk for having inherited a rare gene for an autosomal dominant disorder of unknown penetrance. The maximal risk is 8.6% for children of persons at 50% risk for having inherited the mutant gene regardless of the true penetrance of the disorder in question. Applicatio...

larsen syndrome is a skeletal dysplasia (osteochondro-dysplasia) in which multiple dislocations of the large joints are the major feature . nosology in this group of disease, which constitutes 8% of mendelian disorders in man, is primarily based on clinical and radiological features. the underlying genetic defect is 3p21.1-p14.1 in the dominant type