Herring, Clupea harengus, is one of the ecologically and commercially most important species in European northern seas, where two distinct ecotypes have been described based on spawning time; spring and autumn. To date, it is unknown if these spring and autumn spawning herring constitute genetically distinct units. We assessed levels of genetic divergence between spring and autumn spawning herr...

Sediment samples from the coastal area of Asaluyeh harbor were collected during autumn and spring 2015. The acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEMs) were measured to assess the sediment quality and potential ecological risks. The average concentrations (and relative standard deviation (RSD)) of AVS in the industrial sediments were 12.32 μmol/g (36.91) and 6.34 μmol...

The potential anti-herbivory functions of colorful (red and yellow) autumn leaves received considerable attention in the last decade. The most studied and discussed is the co-evolutionary hypothesis, according to which autumn coloration signals the quality of defense to insects that migrate to the trees in autumn. In addition to classic aposematism (repellency due to signaling unpalatability, n...

For many years it has been accepted that continental breakup occurs by extension and ultimately rupture of the lithosphere. However, the emergence and early evolution of two fundamental characteristics of divergent plate boundaries, segmentation and magmatism, are not well understood because most studies focus on mature or successfully rifted margins. Additionally, there are few existing datase...

Question 2 Based on the Pap smear result, the patient is scheduled for colposcopy. Cervical and vaginal STD testing is negative. The colposcopic findings are viewed after the j Objective: The Home Study Course is intended for the practicing colposcopist or practitioner who is seeking to develop or enhance his or her colposcopic skills. The goal of the course is to present colposcopic cases that...

An irrigation experiment was conducted with three cultivars (Hass, Ettinger and Fuerte) in the avocado plantation of the Akko Experiment Station, Israel, during 1974-80 to determine the effect of irrigation regimen in spring and autumn on tree growth and productivity. Two treatments (wet and dry) were tested in the spring and in the autumn. In spring the trees receiving the wet treatment were i...

Large herbivore populations respond strongly to remotely sensed measures of primary productivity. Whereas most studies in seasonal environments have focused on the effects of spring plant phenology on juvenile survival, recent studies demonstrated that autumn nutrition also plays a crucial role. We tested for both direct and indirect (through body mass) effects of spring and autumn phenology on...

Observations were carried out at Lismore in western Victoria on the performance of two groups of 250 fine wool Merino ewes mated in spring (November) and autumn (May) respectively. A greater proportion of ewes lambing in spring lambed within 150-170 days after the introduction of the rams than ewes lambing in autumn. The duration of lambing was shorter in spring. There were no significant diffe...

page 1 The ADVOCATE Project The ADVOCATE Project (Advancing Sustainable In Situ Remediation for Contaminated Land and Groundwater) is now under way. This Marie Curie Initial Training Network is an exciting collaboration between leading European institutions, providing advanced training to young researchers in this field. The network aims to develop innovative in-situ approaches for the sustaina...

According to optimal foraging theory the prey choice strongly affects the benefitcost ratios. Predators search prey giving the highest benefit and costs of all components of predation (i.e. prey search, encounter, pursuit, capture, and handling) may be considerably reduced if the prey is more available. The study on Cormorant diet and the species composition of prey fish assemblages in the Dobc...