The primary aim of this chapter is to understand the importance of placement and maintenance of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in the patients with advanced renal failure prior to the need for dialysis. Vascular access complications contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality associated with end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis. The major concern this publication will addre...

Three patients with distal bronchopleural fistulas, in whom chest tube and drainage did not lead to closure of the fistulas, were successfully treated with tissue glue (Histoacryl), delivered through a thoracoscope. The fistulas were identified by injecting methylene blue through the suction canal of a fibreoptic bronchoscope. Patient 1 had multiple fistulas, needed several treatment sessions, ...

Background: In patients with a failed DRCF or unsuitable for DRCF, the current recommendation is to perform brachiocephalic fistula. Proximal forearm radiocephalic fistulas are created less frequently. Aims and Objectives: The aim of present study was evaluate outcomes proximal AV fistula placed at elbow distal wrist in terms adequacy blood flow early post-operative period. Materials Methods: c...

Common lower urinary tract fistulas can present as uroenteric fistulas, urogenital fistulas and urocutaneous fistulas. They usually occur as sequel after pelvic surgery, obstetric complications following childbirth and gynecologic procedures. In patients with underlying neoplasm, fistulas may occur from primary or recurrent tumors and as a consequence of pelvic irradiation. Infectious process, ...

UNLABELLED Ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract in treatment of anal fistulas (LIFT) is being said to have satisfactory results in short and long follow up, with low risk of complications. This study was designed to evaluate the results in patients with complex and recurrent fistulas in comparison with simple transsphincteric anal fistulas. The aim of the study was to present a single-cen...

Enteric fistulas commonly arise from inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic processes. Surgical guidelines for enteric fistulas involve resection of the involved intestinal segment and recipient organ. Colosplenic fistulas are rare and surgical management guidelines are not well-established. Colosplenic fistulas are also thought to present challenges in endoscopic evaluation of the colon given...

The aim of surgical treatment of perianal fistulas is to treat the patient's symptoms, with low recurrence rates and risk of incontinence. In recent years there have been developments regarding the classification and diagnosis ofperianal fistulas. MRI is the most appropriate diagnostic tool. In the hands of an experienced operator anal endosonography is a suitable, less expensive and readily-av...

This paper presents a robust speech recognition technique called audio-visual speech fragment decoding (AV-SFD), in which the visual signal is exploited both as a cue for source separation and as a carrier of phonetic information. The model builds on the existing audio-only SFD technique which, based on the auditory scene analysis account of perceptual organisation, works by combining a bottom-...