i-Tree Streets/Design and Eco estimate annual rainfall interception by urban forest based on different physics-based water balance models. Streets/Design is based on Xiao et al. (1998), while Eco is based on Wang et al. (2008) and improved by Hirabayashi (2013). In Xiao et al. (1998), annual rainfall interception percentage against the gross precipitation in Sacramento County, CA was estimated ...

The problems and present methods for the calculation of monthly and annual effective infiltration coefficients in Dinaric karst catchments which cover areas smaller than 200 km are discussed. An example is given of the catchment of the Gradole karst spring, which covers 114 km. The climate on the catchment is North Mediterranean, with average annual rainfall of 986 mm, average air temperature o...

Climate and rainfall are highly non-linear and complicated phenomena, which require sophisticated computer modelling and simulation for accurate prediction. An artificial intelligence technology allows knowledge processing and can be used .as forecasting tool. For example, the application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), to predict the behaviors of nonlinear systems has become an attractive...

Predicting species distributions with changing climate has often relied on climatic variables, but increasingly there is recognition that disturbance regimes should also be included in distribution models. We examined how changes in rainfall and disturbances along climatic gradients determined demographic patterns in a widespread and long-lived tree species, Callitris glaucophylla in SE Austral...

Abstract: The objective of this study is to assess the potential for potable water savings by using rainwater as well as the sizing of rainwater tanks in houses in some cities in the world. Daily rainfall data for thirteen cities located in different countries were used. Different catchment areas, number of residents, potable and rainwater demands were considered in order to assess their impact...

Water shortage is common in much of Australia. With the vast majority of the continent classed as semi arid (an overall average of 455mm rainfall per year) and the tropical north having monsoonal rains and long dry seasons, groundwater provides an essential buffer for many parts of the country. In recent years though, rainfall has been significantly below average, especially across the south ea...

Runoff assessment and estimation is crucial for watershed management as it provides information that is needed to expedite the course of watershed planning and development. The most commonly used model due to its simplicity and versatility in runoff estimation is the soil conservation service curve number developed by the United States Department of Agriculture. The study estimates the surface ...

Climate variability has been and continues to be, the principal source of fluctuations in global food production in countries of the developing world and is of serious concern in the Kingdom of Swaziland. The mean annual rainfall is considerably low in most parts of the country and temporal variability is quite high. In some places, as much as 60% of the annual total rainfall is recorded in jus...

There are quite a number of conflicting conclusions about inter-annual trends of the monsoon rainfall over South Asia as a result of global warming. Western Ghats, next to Himalayas are the principal watershed areas for the rivers of India. In this study, an attempt has been made to understand the inter-seasonal and inter-annual patterns rainfall over Agumbe – popularly known as the Cheerapunji...