Wind energy developments offshore focus on larger turbines to keep the relative cost of the foundation per MW of installed capacity low. Hence typical wind turbine hub-heights are extending to 100 m and potentially beyond. However, measurements to these heights are not usually available, requiring extrapolation from lower measurements. With humid conditions and low mechanical turbulence offshor...

Determination of river runoff is essential in design and construction of most hydraulic structures including dams. In rivers with no measurement stations, the hydraulic models can be used for data estimation.  SWAT is one of the most widely-used numerical models. In this model, input influential meteorological data as precipitation, temperature, wind speed, solar radiation and relative humidity...

Realistic prediction of concrete shrinkage and creep requires the calculation of the distributions of relative humidity at various times. Although the distributions of the relative humidity can be computed by numerical methods from the differential equation for diffusion, simple prediction formulas can facilitate structural analysis. The purpose of this paper is to present a simple formula for ...

Using an automated scanning microscope, we report the surprising result that individual dormant spores of Bacillus thuringiensis grow and shrink in response to increasing and decreasing relative humidity. We simultaneously monitored the size of inorganic calibration particles. We found that the spores consistently swell in response to increased relative humidity, and shrink to near their origin...

Higher concentrations of ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in animal barns can negatively affect production and health of animals and workers. This paper focuses on measurements of summer concentrations of ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in a naturally ventilated laying henhouse located at an egg production facility in Bursa region, western Turkey. Also, indoor and ambient environme...

][1] Between 2003 and 2008, the global-average surface temperature of the Earth varied by 0.6 C. We analyze here the response of tropospheric water vapor to these variations. Height-resolved measurements of specific humidity (q) and relative humidity (RH) are obtained from NASA’s satelliteborne Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). Over most of the troposphere, q increased with increasing global...

BACKGROUND Over the last decade, major outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) have been reported in Asian countries, resulting in thousands of deaths among children. However, less is known regarding the effect of meteorological variables on the incidence of HFMD in children. This study aims at quantifying the relationship between meteorological variables and the incidence of HFMD amo...

the fact that water is the most important factor of life on earth is not a new concept. alteration and reduction in the amount of precipitation, population explosion and contamination of underground water pressurize governments severely to find solution for water resources. the air moisture is one of fresh water resources which has not been noticed and well exploited. in this study proper place...

Freezing thresholds and cirrus cloud formation mechanisms inferred from in situ measurements of relative humidity W. Haag, B. Kärcher, J. Ström, A. Minikin, U. Lohmann, J. Ovarlez, and A. Stohl Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre (IPA), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Stockholm University, Institute of Applied Environmental Research (ITM), Stockholm, Swed...