BACKGROUND The atrioventricular node (AVN) is a key component of the cardiac pacemaker-conduction system. Although it is known that receptors for the peptide hormone endothelin-1 (ET-1) are expressed in the AVN, there is very little information available on the modulatory effects of ET-1 on AVN electrophysiology. This study characterises for the first time acute modulatory effects of ET-1 on AV...

BACKGROUND The risk of developing avascular osteonecrosis (AVN) after chemotherapy is age related and, at up to 17% of all treated patients, relatively high. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective study, 8 patients (4 male, 4 female, 14.3+/-4.9 years old) were treated for symptomatic chemotherapy-associated AVN with intravenous infusion of iloprost. Association Research Circulation Osseus (ARC...

PURPOSE Progressive hip displacement is one of the most common orthopaedic pathologies in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Reconstructive hip surgery has become the standard treatment of care. Reported avascular necrosis (AVN) rates for hip reconstructive surgery in these patients vary widely in the literature. The purpose of this study is to identify the frequency and associated risk factors...

BACKGROUND The risk of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN) after treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip is associated with the method of reduction. Some authors have suggested that open reduction is a risk factor for AVN; however, this is controversial. To our knowledge, a quantitative comparison of the incidence of AVN between closed and open reduction has not been conducted....

BACKGROUND Direct 3D analysis (ie, stereotaxic analysis of 3 planes) has shown that the atrioventricular (AV) node (AVN) is continuous with only specialized myocardium of the proximal AV bundle (PAVB) and distal AV bundle (DAVB) or His bundle. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the PAVB, AVN, and DAVB possess histological features distinct from each other and from the ord...

We read with great interest the article titled “Vagal denervation in atrial fibrillation ablation: A comprehensive review” by Aksu et al. (1) published in Anatol J Cardiol 2017; 18: 142-8. It is an excellent narrative review about ganglionated plexi (GP), vagal denervation, and atrial fibrillation. We have some commentaries about GP interactions with atrio-ventricular node (AVN) and right vagus...

We studied 40 patients exhibiting radiologic changes of either osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) or avascular necrosis (AVN) involving the mandibular condyle to evaluate the structural changes associated with these lesions when using high-field-strength MR imaging. Various clinical indications for imaging each patient with routine radiography, tomography, and surface-coil MR included headache, te...

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to assess whether patient-reported outcomes (PROs) differ by the underlying diagnosis (rheumatoid arthritis (RA)/inflammatory arthritis, osteoarthritis (OA), avascular necrosis of bone (AVN), other) in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS We used prospectively collected data to assess the association of diagnosis with index hip ...

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of femoral head is a recognised complication of fracture dislocation of the hip joint but is not studied frequently in relation to acetabulum fractures. The aim was to establish the relationship between obturator externus and piriformis muscle morphology in acetabulum fractures and potenital development of AVN of the femoral head. Twenty-five fractures were included in ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN) is a complication in treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). We evaluated the risk of AVN after early treatment in the von Rosen splint and measured the diameter of the ossific nucleus at 1 year of age. CHILDREN AND METHODS All children born in Malmö, Sweden, undergo clinical screening for neonatal instability ...