AIMS To determine if 'Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact' (DISC) lens wear slows childhood myopia progression. METHODS A 2-year double-blind randomised controlled trial was carried out in 221 children aged 8-13 years, with myopia between -1.00 and -5.00 Dioptres (D) and astigmatism ≤1.00 D. Subjects were randomly assigned to the DISC (n=111) or single vision (SV; n=110) contact lens group. DIS...

BACKGROUND The canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays important roles in cellular proliferation and differentiation, axonal outgrowth, cellular maintenance in retinas. Here we test the hypothesis that elements of the Wnt signaling pathway are involved in the regulation of eye growth and prevention of myopia, in the mouse form-deprivation myopia model. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS (1) One hun...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of amount of myopia, axial elongation staphyloma and type of optical correction on contrast sensitivity of high myopic subjects. METHODS Fifty-one patients (91 eyes) were selected on the following qualifications: myopia > or = 8 dpt and/or axial length > or = 26 mm, and visual acuity > or = 0.1 recorded through spectacle lenses. Cont...

PURPOSE To compare macular thickness of the normal fellow eye to that of the amblyopic eye using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in children with unilateral high myopia. Relationships between macular thickness and magnitude of myopic anisometropia, axial length, and visual acuity (VA) were investigated. METHODS Thirty-one children with a mean age of 9.56 years were recruited. Macular thick...

PURPOSE To describe the relationship of refractive errors and axial ocular dimensions and age-related cataract. METHODS Population-based, cross-sectional survey of ocular diseases among Chinese men and women aged 40 to 81 years (n = 1232) living in the Tanjong Pagar district in Singapore. As part of the examination, refraction and corneal curvature were determined with an autorefractor, with ...

PURPOSE To investigate whether genetic variations in the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene are associated with high myopia in Japanese. METHODS A total of 1,339 unrelated Japanese patients with high myopia (axial length ≥26 mm in both eyes) and two independent control groups were evaluated (334 cataract patients without high myopia and 1,194 healthy Japanese individuals). The mean axi...

PURPOSE To examine the associations of near work related parameters with spherical equivalent refraction and axial length in Chinese children. METHODS A total of 1770 grade 7 students with mean age of 12.7 years were examined with cycloplegic autorefraction and axial length. Questions were asked regarding time spent in near work and outdoors per day, and near work related parameters. RESULT...

As the prevalence of myopia steadily increases, reaching as high as 90% in some populations, investigators continue to look for causative factors other than family history. Most current research suggests an association of axial myopia with reading or either the presence or absence of light. Even though these studies are frequently inconsistent, non-reproducible or contradictory, many clinicians...

PURPOSE The PAX6 gene, located at the reported myopia locus MYP7 on chromosome 11p13, was postulated to be associated with myopia development. This study investigated the association of PAX6 with high myopia in 379 high myopia patients and 349 controls. METHODS High myopia patients had refractive errors of -6.00 diopters or greater and axial length longer than 26 mm. Control subjects had refr...