background motor intervention plays an important role in reducing the disabilities of down syndrome (ds). a lack of balance and postural control has created motor problems in ds patients. therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of backward walking on postural stability of ds patients. materials and methods sixteen ds children with 8-10 age range were selected by convenience s...

‎in this paper a nonlinear backward parabolic problem in one‎ ‎dimensional space is considered‎. ‎using a suitable iterative‎ ‎algorithm‎, ‎the problem is converted to a linear backward parabolic‎ ‎problem‎. ‎for the corresponding problem‎, ‎the backward finite‎ ‎differences method with suitable grid size is applied‎. ‎it is shown‎ ‎that if the coefficients satisfy some special conditions‎, ‎th...

We report experimental results on the relative performance of simultaneous and sequential versions of the Abreu–Matsushima mechanism. Under the simultaneous version, subjects typically use undominated strategies, but apply only a limited number of iterations of dominance. Consequently the unique strategy surviving iterative elimination of strictly dominated strategies is rarely observed. Under ...

How can we test the correctness of a computer implementation of an algorithm such as Gaussian elimination, or the QR algorithm for the eigenproblem? This is an important question for program libraries such as LAPACK, that are designed to run on a wide range of systems. We discuss testing based on verifying known backward or forward error properties of the algorithms, with particular reference t...

In nite perfect information extensive (FPIE) games, backward induction (BI) gives rise to all pure-strategy subgame perfect Nash equilibria, and iterative elimination of weakly dominated strategies (IEWDS) may give di erent outcomes for di erent orders of elimination. Duggan recently posed several conjectures in an e ort to better understand the relationship between BI and IEWDS in FPIE games. ...

To meet the needs of plant wide dynamic process simulation of today's complex, highly interconnected chemical production plants, parallelizable numerical methods using divide and conquer strategies are considered. The large systems of di erential algebraic equations (DAE's) arising from an unit oriented modular modeling of chemical and physical processes in a chemical plant are partitioned into...

Dynamical systems can often be decomposed into loosely coupled subsystems. The system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) modelling such a problem can then be partitioned corresponding to the subsystems, and the loose couplings can be exploited by special integration methods to solve the problem using a parallel computer or just solve the problem more efficiently than by standard methods....

The phenomenon of backward bifurcation in disease models, where a stable endemic equilibrium co-exists with a stable disease-free equilibrium when the associated reproduction number is less than unity, has important implications for disease control. In such a scenario, the classical requirement of the reproduction number being less than unity becomes only a necessary, but not sufficient, condit...

one of the most important parts of power transmission in automotives is c.v. joint, which consists of four components where exterior bowl is one of them. due to its complexity, and importance in automobile and existence of high stresses, forging process is the only cost effective method of production. hence, the best method of production of this part is forging process. the exterior part of c.v...