diagnosing and assessing child abuse is a critical and difficult process in clinical psychology, because this phenomenon has several negative behavioral and psychological consequences on victims. the aim of this research is to create a scale for assessing child abuse and neglect. through a multiclustral sampling, 3042 secondary school students (boys and girls) were selected to fill (1) a list o...

ecstasy is one of the newest drugs in the same category with amphetamines which has stimulating effects in the same families of amphetamines and lsd. there hasn't been a structured and organized study on this drug in iran. it has been used in great scale in all western countries. studies at san francisco and australia with snowballing method, revealed that this drug is used by active young...

the narcotic drugs business find its abusement, nowadays, have been one of the most basic political, economic, health, cultural anti-family disorders in almost all over the world. despite all technologic anti cultural developments, it seems that the tendency and interest of producers, distributors and users of these drugs in all different age levels are growing up increasingly. unfortunately, t...

introduction: spontaneous perforation of the nasal septum is an uncommon condition. nasal inhalation of substances such as cocaine has long been linked to this perforation. case report: this report describes the case of a 46-year-old woman who was addicted to methamphetamine and who presented with perforation of the nasal septum.this is the first reported case of nasal septal necrosis linked to...

Background & Aims: Substance abuse may have different effects on multiple sclerosis. Till now, studies on substance abuse and its correlation with psychopathology, type and severity of multiple sclerosis are limited. We conducted this study to evaluate the psychopathology of patients with multiple sclerosis with and without substance abuse. Methods: In this case-control, cross-sectional study p...

abstract the usage of heroin is associated with a variety of neurologic disorders, including acute transverse myelitis. in this study we present a 19 year old man who was suffered from insufflated heroin after several months of abstinence, and admitted to hospital emergency department, unconscious. he responded to fluid therapy and naloxone, but could not move his legs on examination. he had fl...

background although in many countries child abuse reporting is mandated, iranian nurses report abused cases voluntary. some of the cases are reported to the police and others are referred to welfare organizations or other non-governmental organizations. absence of a uniform reporting system along with a lack of legal support in the specific cultural context of iran has resulted challenges for t...

conclusions this method can be appropriate to estimate sensitive issues; however, lack of understanding the method or doubting the confidentiality of the responses can lead to bias in the results. that is to say, if the instructions are introduced better, the level of trusting the method will increase and accordingly more reliable responses can be obtained. more studies under controlled conditi...

sleep disorders are common complains of patients under substance abuse treatment. diagnosis and treatment of such disorders require use of cutting-edge knowledge and proper training of the patients and their family. this article shortly discusses the 20 main points in diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders among substance users considering below aspects: a) diagnosis of sleep disorders amon...