نتایج جستجو برای: basalt
تعداد نتایج: 3610 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Lithium (Li), the lightest of the alkali elements, has geochemical properties that include high aqueous solubility (Li is the most fluid mobile element) and high relative abundance in basalt-forming minerals (values ranking between 0.2 and 12 ppm). Li isotopes are particularly subject to fractionation because the two stable isotopes of lithium-7Li and 6Li-have a large relative mass difference (...
The oceanic crust forms two thirds of the Earth's surface and hosts a large phylogenetic and functional diversity of microorganisms. While advances have been made in the sedimentary realm, our understanding of the igneous rock portion as a microbial habitat has remained limited. We present the first comparative metagenomic microbial community analysis from ocean floor basalt environments at the...
We report the surface exploration by the lunar rover Yutu that landed on the young lava flow in the northeastern part of the Mare Imbrium, which is the largest basin on the nearside of the Moon and is filled with several basalt units estimated to date from 3.5 to 2.0 Ga. The onboard lunar penetrating radar conducted a 114-m-long profile, which measured a thickness of ∼5 m of the lunar regolith ...
In this study, poultry manure compost and organic fertilizer were added to soils derived from basalt, granite, and river alluvial deposits for use as soil parent materials. Following incubation periods of 30 or 60 days at 25 °C, the physical and chemical properties and adsorption characteristics of the soils were studied. The results indicated that the application of poultry manure compost or o...
Deformation experiments were conducted with the intention of identifying how the mechanical behavior and deformation microstructures of a basalt are influenced by the presence of glass that can crystallize to metamorphic minerals or flow. A glassy plagioclase-rich basalt was tested for periods of up to 649 hours at temperatures of 675-875°C, a confining pressure of 1.0 GPa, and strain rates of ...
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is used as a method for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on substrates, most commonly pre-treated by a metal-catalyst. In this work, the capability of basalt fiber surfaces was investigated in order to stimulate catalyst-free growth of carbon nanotubes. We have carried out CVD experiments on unsized, sized, and NaOH-treated basalt fibers modified by growth...
Species with markedly different sizes interact when sharing the same habitat. Unravelling mechanisms that control diversity thus requires consideration of a range of size classes. We compared patterns of diversity and community structure for meio- and macrofaunal communities sampled along a gradient of environmental stress at deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise (9° 50' N) and n...
Introduction: Volatile species, such as H2O, CO2, F, and Cl, are important in the generation and differentiation of basaltic melts. On the Earth, dissolved H2O (or in certain circumstances CO2) is thought to be the dominant volatile in most basaltic magmas. Therefore, significant effort has been placed on understanding how water and CO2 affect basalt genesis and crystallization of terrestrial m...
[1] We have investigated the effects of crystallization and oxidation on the visible and nearinfrared (VISNIR) and mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectra of materials with a Shergotty-NakhlaChassigny (SNC) basaltic composition in order to investigate potential links between Martian VISNIR spectra, Martian mid-IR spectra, and SNC meteorite data. SNC basalt samples of varying crystallinities were synthesi...
Apollo 14 (A-14) impact melt olivine vitrophyres (OVs), composed of olivine phenocrysts in an opaque glass matrix with minor amounts of pyroxene and plagioclase, are petrographically similar to pristine quenched A-14 high-alumina (high-Al) and Apollo 12 (A-12) basalts. Textural and chemical analyses have been conducted on olivines within impact melt and pristine mare basalt clasts from A-14 bre...
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