Kristian S. Thygesen1 and Angel Rubio2 1Center for Atomic-scale Materials Design (CAMD), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark 2European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Departamento de Física de Materiales, Edificio Korta, Universidad del País Vasco, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV, and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Avenida de Tolos...

In Bromeliaceae, cytogenetic and flow cytometry analyses have been performed to clarify systematic and evolutionary aspects. Karyotyping approaches have shown the relatively high chromosome number, similar morphology and small size of the chromosomes. These facts have prevented a correct chromosome counting and characterization. Authors have established a basic chromosome number of x = 25 for B...

Karyotype characteristics can provide valuable information on genome evolution and speciation, in particular in taxa with varying basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels. Due to its worldwide distribution, remarkable variability in morphological traits and the fact that ploidy change plays a key role in its evolution, the canary grass genus Phalaris (Poaceae) is an excellent study system to ...

The karyomorphological study of two species Mahseer belonging to the genus Neolissochilus, namely Neolissochilus hexagonolepis and N. hexastichus were carried out. revealed basic chromosome number in both Masheer was observed be 100. However, karyotype formula varied among species. had a diploid 42 metacentric (m), 20 submetacentric (sm), 8 subtelocentric (st) 30 telocentric (t) karyotypic 32 2...

Chromosomal defects are relatively frequent in infertile men however, translocations between the Y chromosome and autosomes are rare and less than 40 cases of Y-autosome translocation have been reported. In particular, only three individuals has been described with a Y;21 translocation, up to now. We report on an additional case of an infertile man in whom a Y;21 translocation was associated wi...

The cytological analysis of meiotic chromosomes is an exceptional tool to approach complex processes such as synapsis and recombination during the division. Chromosome studies of meiosis have been especially valuable in birds, where naturally occurring mutants or experimental knock-out animals are not available to fully investigate the basic mechanisms of major meiotic events. This review highl...

The discovery of the Philadelphia chromosome as a hallmark of chronic myelogenous leukemia in 1960 by Peter Nowell provided evidence for a genetic link to cancer. As with most seminal scientific observations, the description of the Philadelphia chromosome posed many more questions than were answered. This Review series includes contributions from individuals who performed critical experiments a...

genus onobrychis comprised of many cultivated as well as wild species is adapted to different regions of iran. this study was conducted to evaluate the karyotype characteristics of seven onobrychis species, employing the analysis of metaphase chromosomes of mitotic cells. results revealed that the species o. melanotricha (from semirom and feriedan)‚ o. sativa (from arak and boroujen) with 2n=28...

Chromosome visualization is essential for chromosome analysis and genetic diagnostics. Here, we developed a click chemistry approach for multicolor imaging of chromosomal DNA instead of the traditional dye method. We first demonstrated that the commercially available reagents allow for the multicolor staining of chromosomes. We then prepared two pro-fluorophore moieties that served as light-up ...

Inactivation of the single X chromosome in the primary spermatocytes of species with heterogametic males is postulated as a basic control mechanism on the chromosomal level that is required for normal spermatogenesis. This view is supported by (a) cytological observations of X-chromosome allocycly in the primary spermatocytes of all male-heterogametic organisms that were adequately examined, (b...