This study compared the abilities of API 20E and BBL Crystal E/NF identification systems to correctly identify human and animal source gram-negative bacilli of known identifications, as provided by the American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Md., and the Research Diagnostic and Investigative Laboratory, Columbia, Mo. Also addressed in the comparison are the cost, the relative ease of perfo...

The 16S rRNA gene has previously been used to develop genus-specific PCR primers for identification of enterococci. In addition, the superoxide dismutase gene (sodA) has been identified as a potential target for species differentiation of enterococci. In this study, Enterococcus genus-specific primers developed by Deasy et al. (E1/E2) were incorporated with species-specific primers based upon t...

In this paper we demonstrate the utility of Group 4 metals for the well-controlled and stereoselective (syndiotactic) ring opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-β-butyrolactone (BBL) and their ability to form copolymers.

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are the building blocks of biosensors, neuromorphic devices, and complementary circuits. One rule in materials design for OECTs is inclusion a hydrophilic component chemical structure to enable ion transport film. Here, it shown that ladder-type, side-chain free polymer poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) performs significantly better than dono...

BBl implements a domain-independent “blackboard control architecture” for Al systems that control, explain, and learn about their own problem-solving behavior. A BBl system comprises: a user-defined domain blackboard. a pre-defined control blackboard, user-defined domain and control knowledge sources, a few generic control knowledge sources, and a pre-defined basic control loop. The architectur...

The purpose of this study was to devise an algorithm utilizing chromogenic media for the detection and presumptive identification of Candida species in a clinical microbiology laboratory. In order to select one chromogenic medium, a limited evaluation of 3 commercially available yeast chromogenic media: BBL CHROMagar Candida, BioRad CandiSelect 4, and Oxoid OCCA, was conducted with 12 C. albica...

A total of 227 strains of viridans streptococci were simultaneously identified on the Minitek Miniaturised System (BBL) and by a conventional method according to Colman and Williams. The Minitek discs were each overlaid with a drop of sterile liquid paraffin, and the trays were incubated in GaSPak jars (BBL) with CO2 generator envelopes. Identification was possible three to four days earlier th...

The graphene oxide (GO) film was reduced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation which removed the oxygen-containing groups of the GO, confirmed by X-ray and Raman photoelectron spectroscopies, and scanning electron microscopy. The UV reduction of the GO film was performed at the selective areas for patterning. The sheet resistance of the GO film decreased from 10 (non-conducting) to 10 / by UV irrad...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the improvement students' mathematical connection skills and self-concept with a brain based learning (BBL) model scientific approach. background research is that reality on ground shows abilities are not as expected. One factors causing these problems does provide flexibility for students optimally empower potential brain. This resulted in having diffic...

Accurate estimation of leaf stomatal conductance (gs) is important in predicting carbon andwater cycles of terrestrial ecosystem. To estimate gs on field-grown soybean and maize underwater-stressed condition accurately, a modified optimal stomatal conductance (OSCM) modelwas established based on the relationship between marginal water cost of carbon gain and soilwater content by introducing a w...