OBJECTIVE To evaluate the direct effects of prenatal cocaine exposure and prenatal opiate exposure on infant mental, motor, and behavioral outcomes longitudinally between 1 and 3 years old. METHODS As part of a prospective, longitudinal, multisite study, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II were administered to 1227 infants who were exposed to cocaine (n = 474), opiates (n = 50), cocain...

Stress may cause special behavioral and biochemical changes. Kindling is presumed to be the underlying mechanism for such changes. Lamotrigin, an anti-kindling agent which blocks glutamate release through inhibiting sodium channels may reverse these behavioral changes. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of lamotrigin in management of behavioral and biochemical changes caused by st...

aim and background: insomnia, one of the prevalent disorders, in many cases is considered as a sign associated with physical and mental disorders. the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on these symptoms among male prisoners. methods and materials: subjects of this experimental study were 28 male prisoners in central prison of shiraz who w...

Confirmatory analysis was used to specify behavioral domains from results of the Assessment for Preterm Infants’ Behavior (APIB). The APIB measures both task performance and quality of performance, which theoretically improves the possibility of discriminating infant functional capacity beyond that obtained by measuring task perfomusnce exclusively. We hypothesized that the APIB measures six be...

BACKGROUND Insomnia is of major public health importance. While cognitive behavioral therapy is beneficial, in-person treatment is often unavailable. We assessed the effectiveness of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. OBJECTIVES The primary objectives were to determine whether online cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia could improve sleep efficiency and reduce...

Introduction: Functional dyspepsia and digestive disorders arecommon, debilitating and costly. Little information is availableabout the role of stress management in terms of cognitivebehavioraltreatment of dyspepsia. The purpose of this studywas to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stressmanagement on functional dyspepsia symptoms in patients whoreferred to digestion clinics...

BACKGROUND: Proposed frameworks of college and career readiness include aspects school climate perceptions behavioral engagement. School initiatives emphasize the importance healthy learning environments; while indicators tend to be used identify students at-risk for disengagement, established early warning systems few, if any, indicators. A promising useful screening mechanism that combines al...