MEXICO'S COMPREHENSIVE Social I n surance Act was signed by President Avila Camacho on December 31, 1942, and promulgated on January 19, 1943. Contributions became effective i n the Federal. District on January 1, 1944; i n March 1945 the law was extended to the municipal ity of Puebla, State of Puebla, and i n August 1945 to the municipal ity of Monterrey, State of Nueva Leon. This year has se...

Although disabled beneficiaries are not expected to work, do they continue to value work? This article compares data on a particular concept of work values, the importance to the self of having a job, for social security disability insurance beneficiaries, other disabled persons, and nondisabled persons interviewed in the Social Security Administration's 1978 Survey of Disability and Work. Desc...

In spite of some cutbacks in entitlements, many welfare states' spending has continuously increased over the past decades, leading to larger tax burdens and often higher marginal tax rates. Proposals for reform often focus on reduced social insurance benefits and more actuarial insurance premia. In this paper it is shown that such reforms may have a smaller potential for reducing the marginal t...

867 IAM HONORED to be considered a Pioneer in Palliative Care, and while I humbly accept the honor, I believe there are many others more worthy of such notable distinction. Unlike many of my peers, I did not forge my career in a community hospice or in a pure academic environment, but rather at the Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) Medical Center in Phoenix, Arizona, a Deans Committee instit...

Medicinal mushrooms have been used for centuries as nutraceuticals to improve health and to treat numerous chronic and infectious diseases. One such mushroom is Ganoderma lucidum, commonly known as Lingzhi, a species revered as a medicinal mushroom for treating assorted diseases and prolonging life. The fungus is found in diverse locations, and this may have contributed to confusion regarding t...

OBJECTIVE To produce cost estimates of proposed health insurance benefit mandates for the California legislature. DATA SOURCES The 2001 California Health Interview Survey, 2002 Kaiser Family Foundation/Health Research and Education Trust California Employer Health Benefits Survey, Milliman Health Cost Guidelines, and ad hoc surveys of large health plans were used. STUDY DESIGN We developed ...

U NDER the Social Security Act, once an individual establishes his entitlement to monthly oldage and survivors insurance benefits, he continues to receive his benefit each and every month, unless any one of several specified events occurs -principally, his substantial employment or self-employment, death, attainment of age 18, marriage, or remarriage. Under conditions stated in the Act, these e...

Private health insurance benefit payments are an integral component of estimates of national health expenditures. Recent analyses indicate that the insurance industry has undergone significant changes since the mid-1970's. As a result of these study findings and corresponding changes to estimating techniques, private health insurance estimates have been revised upward. This has had a major impa...

with respect to the proportion of oldage assistance recipients receiving old-age and survivors insurance. As the coverage of the insurance Program becomes virtually universal, this proportion will no doubt aPpreach loo percent. It will never reach it, however, because many individuals at the lowest economic levels (low-income farmers and migratory and occasional farm and domestic workers) will ...

In establishing minimum coverage standards for health insurance plans, the Affordable Care Act includes an "essential health benefits" statute that directs the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services not to make coverage decisions, determine reimbursement rates, establish incentive programs, or design benefits in ways that discriminate against individuals because of their age, disability, o...