Introduction Petroleum refining utilize large quantities of water for desalting, distillation, thermal cracking, catalytic and treatment processes to produce useful products [liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, asphalt and petrochemical feedstock] 1-3. Refining process generates wastewater (0.4-1.6 times the volume of crude oil processed)4. Discharge of untreated petroleu...

Gasoline vapor was treated using a compost biofilter operated in upflow mode over 4 months. The gas velocity was 6 m/h, yielding an empty bed retention time (EBRT) of 10 min. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal efficiencies remained fairly stable approximately 15 days after biofilter start-up. The average removal efficiencies of TPH and...

This study compares the removal of a mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and all three xylene isomers (BTEX) in mesophilic and thermophilic (50 degrees C) bioreactors. In the mesophilic reactor fungi became dominant after long-term operation, while bacteria dominated in the thermophilic unit. Microbial acclimation was achieved by exposing the biofilters to initial BTEX loads of 2-15 g m(...

The use of ethanol as an automotive fuel oxygenate represents potential economic and air-quality benefits. However, little is known about how ethanol may affect the natural attenuation of petroleum product releases. Chemostat experiments were conducted with four pure cultures (representing archetypes of the known aerobic toluene degradation pathways) to determine how ethanol affects benzene, to...

active carbons were produced from bagasse, millet and sorghum straws by chemical activation with h3po4. carbon precursors with particle size of 1180 î¼m were used, in order to overcome difficulties caused by low density and high ash content. the influence of preparation conditions (temperature, residence time, and acid impregnation ratio) on the yield of the active carbons was examined. the imp...

In the context of deep desulfurization transport fuels, present work aimed at identifying a suitable material for selective removal thiophene from fuels. Dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been carried out in order to investigate adsorption benzene and various faujasite zeolite formulations including DAY, HY, LiY, NaY, KY, CsY, Cu(I)Y, Cu(II)Y, Ag(I)Y, Zn(II)...