Abstract The S362A mutation block ROMK2 (Kir1.1b) endocytosis in Xenopus laevis oocyte membrane . Saeed Hajihashemi1 , 1-Assistant professor, PhD in Physiology, Department of Physiology, School of Medical science, Arak University of Medical Sciences. Introduction: ROMK channel is localized on the apical membrane of the nephron. Recent studies suggest that endocytosis of ROMK chan...

We report here that brefeldin A (BFA), which specifically blocks protein transport from an endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and causes resorption of Golgi membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum, specifically induced the endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein GRP78. Treatment of a human hepatoma cell line Alex-PC with BFA at a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml increased the grp78 trans...

Madin-Darby canine kidney cells are more resistant than most other cell types to the classical effects of brefeldin A (BFA) treatment, the induction of retrograde transport of Golgi cisternae components to the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we show that sulfation of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), and proteins in the Golgi apparatus is dramatically...

This study assessed the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) treatment on Day 5 (Day 0 = estrus) on luteal blood flow and accuracy of pregnancy prediction in recipient cows. On Day 5, 120 lactating Holstein cows were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 63) or GnRH group treated with 100 μg of GnRH agonist (n = 57). On Days 3, 5, 7, and 14, each cow underwent ultrasound examina...

Brefeldin A (BFA) has a profound effect on the structure of the Golgi apparatus, causing Golgi proteins to redistribute into the ER minutes after drug treatment. Here we describe the dissociation of a 110-kD cytoplasmically oriented peripheral membrane protein (Allan, V. J., and T. E. Kreis. 1986. J. Cell Biol. 103:2229-2239) from the Golgi apparatus as an early event in BFA action, preceding o...

This work describes an introductory experiment where the Baars-Franklin Architecture (BFA), an artificial consciousness approach, was applied to synthesize a control system for an autonomous vehicle. The BFA was reported in the literature as a successful control system to different kinds of agents: CMattie, IDA and CTS. In this paper, BFA is for the first time applied for controlling an autonom...

Algal lipids are the focus of intensive research because they are potential sources of biodiesel. However, most algae produce neutral lipids only under stress conditions. Here, we report that treatment with Brefeldin A (BFA), a chemical inducer of ER stress, rapidly triggers lipid droplet (LD) formation in two different microalgal species, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlorella vulgaris. LD st...

Brefeldin A (BFA) has a dramatic effect on the morphology of the Golgi apparatus and induces a rapid redistribution of Golgi proteins into the ER (Lippincott-Schwartz, J., L. C. Yuan, J. S. Bonifacino, and R. D. Klausner. 1989. Cell. 56:801-813). To date, no evidence that BFA affects the morphology of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) has been presented. We describe the results of experiments, usin...

Viral replication depends on specific interactions with host factors. For example, poliovirus RNA replication requires association with intracellular membranes. Brefeldin A (BFA), which induces a major rearrangement of the cellular secretory apparatus, is a potent inhibitor of poliovirus RNA replication. Most aspects governing the relationship between viral replication complex and the host memb...

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sec7 protein (ySec7p), which is an important component of the yeast secretory pathway, contains a sequence of approximately 200 amino acids referred to as a Sec7 domain. Similar Sec7 domain sequences have been recognized in several guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins (GEPs) for ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs). ARFs are approximately 20-kDa GTPases that regulate int...