Pursuing a high power conversion efficiency with no sacrifice of cost-effectiveness has been a persistent objective for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). One promising solution to this impasse is increased light harvesting. Previous efforts in light harvesting have been made on setting blocking layers or reflecting layers, or adding a light harvester, resulting in tedious procedures without r...

Mixtures of anisotropic nanocrystals promise a great diversity of superlattices and phase behaviors beyond those of single-component systems. However, obtaining a colloidal shape alloy in which two different shapes are thermodynamically coassembled into a crystalline superlattice has remained a challenge. Here we present a joint experimental-computational investigation of two geometrically ubiq...

We present results for several structural and dynamical properties of the liquid Li(1-x)Na(x) alloy. The study has been carried out by means of the orbital-free ab initio molecular dynamics method, combined with local ionic pseudopotentials constructed within the same framework. We obtain good agreement with the available experimental data, reproducing accurately, the strong homocoordinating te...

An experimental approach is presented, allowing the preparation of substrate supported, hexagonally arranged metallic alloy nanoparticles with narrow size distributions, well-defined interparticle distances, and controlled chemical composition. The method is based on miniemulsion polymerization and isotropic plasma etching. Polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) colloidsin the p...

Alloy is a relational specification language with a built-in transitive closure operator which makes it particularly suitable for writing concise specifications of linked data structures. Several tools support Alloy specifications for Java programs. However, they can only check the validity of those specifications with respect to a bounded domain, and thus, in general, cannot provide correctnes...

The Clinical and Angiographic analysis with a Cobalt Alloy Coronary Stent (Driver) (CLASS) study was a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter study designed to assess the safety and efficacy of a cobalt-chromium alloy-based stent in patients with stable or unstable angina pectoris. A total of 203 lesions were treated in 202 enrolled patients. The percentage of major adverse cardiac event-free ...

Metal-insulator transitions driven by disorder (∆) and/or by electron correlations (U) are investigated within the Anderson-Hubbard model with local binary-alloy disorder using a simple but consistent mean-field approach. The ∆–U phase diagram is derived and discussed for T = 0 and finite temperatures.

Transfer mechanisms of N-bound excitons in Ga*In,_xP:N and GaAs,.xPx:N alloys are studied as a function of temperature using picosecond time resolved photoluminescence. The results, direct exciton tunneling between localized states and multiple trapping via free excitons, are different from those seen in the binary GaP:N. Thus, we demonstrate the importance of alloy disorder on the exciton dyna...

We discuss important experimental considerations and high-throughput synchrotron-based techniques for structural characterization of binary and ternary composition-spread thin films. We apply these techniques to obtain detailed structural phase diagrams of CoMnGe ternary alloy system. # 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 61.10.Nz; 07.85.Qe; 68.55.Jk

The phase separation processes are typically modeled by Cahn-Hilliard equations. This equation was originally introduced to model phase separation in binary alloys; where phase stands for concentration of different components in alloy. When the binary alloy under preparation is subjected to a rapid reduction in temperature below a critical temperature, it has been experimentally observed that t...