In recent years important advances in the physiology and biochemistry of the musculoskeletal system have allowed major contributions to the understanding of function and disease. Unfortunately, many of the people interested in studying organisms at an extremely basic level, as well as those involved in the treatment of disease processes of the skeletal system, frequently fail to grasp the impor...

This study assessed the occurrence of indicators for suboptimal biologic therapy among ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) patients over time in the United States (US). Data from a large US claims database (2005-2013) were used to retrospectively identify patients with diagnosed with either UC or CD who were new biologic users. Indicators of suboptimal biologic therapy included: do...

the biologic width (bw) includes attached epithelial cells and connective tissue attachment complex being very important in the periodontal health during prosthetic treatments as invading this zone can cause bone resorption and gingival recession. the present study investigated biologic width values in the normal periodontium in anterior and posterior teeth. 30 patients that referred from resto...

Receptor specificity of influenza A/H5 viruses including human 2003-04 isolates was studied. All but two isolates preserved high affinity to Sia2-3Gal (avian-like) receptors. However, two isolates (February, 2003, Hong Kong) demonstrated decreased affinity to Sia2-3Gal and moderate affinity to a Sia2-6Gal (human-like) receptors. These two viruses had a unique Ser227-Asn change in the hemaggluti...

Introduction: We consider Ceres as a prototype for planetary evolution [1]. From thermal modeling by McCord and Sotin [2, 3, 4], Ceres was inferred to have differentiated into a rocky core of hydrated silicates, and an icy outer shell. Thomas et al. [5] confirmed such a model from direct observation of Ceres’s shape from Hubble Space Telescope observations, and pervious occultation measurements...

extensive breakdown of primary teeth to the cervical level and their loss in very young children is not uncommon. owing to increasing concerns over self-appearance, due considerations to esthetic aspects in addition to restoring function are necessary aspects of rehabilitation of mutilated teeth to help children grow into a psychologically balanced personality. the present article describes reh...