Mild moisture stress causes sucrose to be deposited preferentially in sugarcane stalks so that sucrose yields may be improved. The rule of thumb in the industry states that a crop should be dried off for the time it would take pan evaporation to equal twice the plant available water holding capacity of the soil in which the crop is rooted (or twice TAM). Despite this useful rule farmers often d...

dead yeast cells are an abundant residue of the brazilian ethanol industry and the industries still don’t have a proper or desirable destiny for all these cells, which means tons of vitamins and proteins that have not a major end. in the other hand, heavy metal residues are a problem, especially for leather industry, where brazil is also a great producer. in this work, dead yeast cells were us...

Newly announced North American bioenergy projects will likely increase the demand for woody biomass substantially over the next five to ten years. High harvesting and transportation costs for woody biomass from forests are commonly identified as key constraints to expanding this new industry and meeting expected wood fiber demand. In addition to a cost-competitive feedstock, wood energy facilit...

With the advent of biorefinery technologies enabling plant biomass to be processed into biofuel, many researchers set out to study and improve candidate biomass crops. Many of these candidates are C4 grasses, characterized by a high productivity and resource use efficiency. In this review the potential of five C4 grasses as lignocellulosic feedstock for biofuel production is discussed. These in...

Increasing societal demand for environmental and economic sustainability is placing a renewed focus on the agro-forest industry. This industry plays an essential role in the development of renewable energy and biofuels, especially in light of growing concerns related to energy security and climate change. The economical transformation of differing sources of biomass into biofuels has become a g...

Petroleum-based fuels are nonrenewable and unsustainable. Renewable sources of energy, such as lignocellulosic biofuels and plant metabolite-based drop-in fuels, can offset fossil fuel use and reverse environmental degradation through carbon sequestration. Despite these benefits, the lignocellulosic biofuels industry still faces many challenges, including the availability of economically viable...

toxic heavy metals, such as lead (pb) and cadmium (cd) are widely used in industry and their accumulation in the living tissues may cause serious health problems and ecological hazards. twenty four moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from saline environments of iran were used to study their ability to bioremediation of lead and cadmium. amongst them, a gram-negative rod shaped bacterium, de...

Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth, right after cellulose, with a highly complex chemical structure that hinders its possible utilizations. As a consequence, it is mostly burned as an inexpensive resource, generating green electricity or heat that in turn can be used for the deconstruction of biomass itself. Applications that utilize lignin in different manners are of great ...

Algal biomass that is represented mainly by commercially grown algal strains has recently found many potential applications in various fields of interest. Its utilization has been found advantageous in the fields of bioremediation, biofuel production and the food industry. This paper reviews recent developments in the analysis of algal biomass with the main focus on the Laser-Induced Breakdown ...