Rats with dorsal hippocampus or associative parietal cortex (APC) lesions and sham-operated controls were trained on variants of the Morris water maze navigation task. In the 'proximal landmark condition', the rats had to localize the hidden platform solely on the basis of three salient object landmarks placed directly in the swimming pool. In the 'distal landmark condition', rats could rely on...

This paper studies a 2×2 static game of incomplete information. I allow players’ private signals to be correlated, which adds complexity to Bayesian Nash Equilibrium (BNE) solutions of the game. Further, the econometric structure of this model is “incomplete” (Tamer, 2003). I therefore focus on a nontrivial subset, Π2(θ0), of the support of public information variables where a unique Monotone S...

We have cloned the M and S genes of the restriction-modification (R-M) system AhdI and have purified the resulting methyltransferase to homogeneity. M.AhdI is found to form a 170 kDa tetrameric enzyme having a subunit stoichiometry M2S2 (where the M and S subunits are responsible for methylation and DNA sequence specificity, respectively). Sedimentation equilibrium experiments show that the tet...

The long-controversial theory of punctuated equilibrium (PE) asserts that speciation causes rapid evolution against a backdrop of stasis. PE is currently undergoing a resurgence driven by new developments in statistical methods. However, we argue that PE is actually a tangle of four unnecessarily conflated questions: (i) is evolution gradualistic or pulsed? (ii) does trait evolution occur mainl...

The hawk-dove (HD) game, as defined by Maynard Smith [1982. Evolution and the Theory of Games. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge], allows for a polymorphic fitness equilibrium (PFE) to exist between its two pure strategies; this polymorphism is the attractor of the standard replicator dynamics [Taylor, P.D., Jonker, L., 1978. Evolutionarily stable strategies and game dynamics. Math. Biosci....

We report a three-phase bone scintigraphy for the diagnosis of a peripheral bone lesion caused by systemic sarcoidosis. A 32-year-old man with suspected osteomyelitis of the right forefinger underwent three-phase bone scintigraphy with Tc-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HMDP) and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT). The lesion was rich in blood flow acc...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the time-course of computed tomography (CT) contrast enhancement of an iodinated blood-pool contrast agent. METHODS Five C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized, imaged at baseline, and given an iodinated blood-pool contrast agent. Micro-CT scans were acquired at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours after injection. The mean CT number was determ...

The effect of ligand structure on the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and biodistribution of six gadolinium (Gd) chelates based on a hydroxypyridonate-terephthalimide (HOPO-TAM) ligand design was investigated. Modifications to the molecular structure of the Gd-HOPO-TAM chelates (hydrophilicity and aromatic group substitution) significantly influence the efficacy of imaging and biodistribution. ...