We give a classification of iwip outer automorphisms of the free group, by discussing the properties of their attracting and repelling trees.

A quantitative survey focusing on the geographical distribution of botanical gardens in Japan was conducted to clarify changes and factors evident between Meiji Heisei era（1868-2019）. 216 garden-related facilities were surveyed, these members Association Botanical Gardens, which is only garden organization Japan. The range more than doubled after World War II about 90% prefectures had 2005. com...

A botanic garden is essentially a museum of living plants. The word 'museum' is derived from the name of the Greek goddesses of learning and the arts; thus a museum is a place devoted to the pursuit of such studies. A botanic garden is primarily a place where plants are grown for scientific study. But a garden differs from a museum in the fact that the objects in it are living and growing, and ...