This study presents and tests the clinical validity of a hemodynamic grading system that depends on noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasonographic parameters. The suggested transcranial Doppler-based grading system was compared with the Spetzler-Martin anatomic grading for prognosticative validity and clinical dependability. We concluded the following: (1) The pulsatility index was shown to ...

INTRODUCTION Auricular Arteriovenous Malformation of the external ear is a rarely encountered disease; in particular, arteriovenous malformation arising from the auricle, with spontaneous bleeding, has seldom been reported. OBJECTIVE In the current study, we report an unusual case of late-onset auricular arteriovenous malformation originating from the posterior auricular artery that was confi...

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are rare congenital abnormal connections between the pulmonary arteries and veins. The patients are usually asymptomatic [1]. Although their aetiology is unclear, it is presumed that genetic abnormalities constitute a predisposition [1, 2]. An arteriovenous malformation might cause serious complications if it remains undiagnosed and untreated [3]. We report...

INTRODUCTION Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the brain have a low prevalence but are responsible for a significant component of visual pathology in the young population. Vascular studies using selective angiography are necessary to identify arterial connections and venous drainage, and provide useful information for planning treatment. CLINICAL CASE A 10-year-old child with a temporo-occ...

Brain arteriovenous malformations cause intracranial hemorrhage. Molecular characterization of lesional tissue implicates angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor, ANG-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9) and inflammatory (cytokines and chemokines) pathways, but the pathogenesis remain obscure and medical therapy is lacking. Macrophage and neutrophil invasion has also been observed in the absen...

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by vascular malformations in multiple organ systems, resulting in mucocutaneous telangiectases and arteriovenous malformations predominantly in the lungs (pulmonary arteriovenous malformation; PAVM), brain (cerebral arteriovenous malformation; CAVM), and liver (hepatic arteriovenous malformation; HAVM)....

background traditional digital subtraction angiography (dsa) is currently the gold standard diagnostic method for the diagnosis and evaluation of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (avm) and dural arteriovenous fistulas (davf). objectives the aim of this study was to analyze different less invasive magnetic resonance angiography (mra) images, time-resolved mra (tr-mra) and three-dimensional ti...

background hemangioma is the most common tumor of neonatal period and it is almost always appeared by the end of the first week of life and can be found mostly in head and neck area. this study evaluated the synergistic effect of bleomycin, triamcinolone and epinephrine in treatment of hemangioma and arte-riovenous malformations. methods in this multicenter study, a combination of bleomycin, tr...

Arteriovenous malformations of the lower urinary tract are uncommon lesions, usually presenting as scrotal masses. A case of recurrent acute scrotal pain mimicking testicular torsion that was attributed to the presence of an arteriovenous malformation of the spermatic cord is described. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of an arteriovenous malformation of the spermatic cord prese...