HER2/neu is a well-established prognostic and predictive factor for invasive breast cancer. However, the role of HER2/neu in ductal breast carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is debated and recent data have suggested that it is mainly linked to in situ local recurrence. Although molecular data suggest that atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are related lesions, albeit with...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the expression of the cell adhesion molecules E-cadherin and N-cadherin and the transcription factor Snail in invasive ductal breast carcinomas and to determine their relationships with clinicopathological features. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to examine E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Snail protein expression in 132 invasive breast carcinomas. RESULTS The expres...

The relationship between ductal and lobular breast carcinoma is highlighted in cases in which these morphologically divergent carcinomas coexist in proximity within a single patient. We hypothesized that such cases may result from the proliferation of a precursor lesion into a tumor containing areas of divergent morphologic features. In this study, we analyzed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 10...

invasive apocrine carcinoma (iac) of the breast is a rare subtype of breast malignancy. its incidence is not well known, but it is approximately less than 1% to 4%. for these reasons, there are few reports and little information on the radiologic appearance of iac. furthermore, most of the case reports show malignant features which are similar to invasive ductal carcinoma (idc). we present a ra...

The focus of this study was to determine if early detection of mutant p53 accumulation may be an early indicator of tumor aggressiveness and transformation to invasive breast cancer. For this purpose, the p53 content of 100 human breast biopsies classified as ductal carcinoma (DCIS), was evaluated by immunohistochemical method. All specimens were microscopically classified into histologic types...

Background: Invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common type of breast cancer in Iran. Impaired immune responses occur frequently in cancer patients, but the mechanisms of the induced immune defects remain poorly understood. It is believed that infiltrated immune cells, especially macrophages, may provide help for tumor cell growth and metastasis.   Objective: To analyze the status of tumor as...

background: invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common type of breast cancer in iran. impaired immune responses occur frequently in cancer patients, but the mechanisms of the induced immune defects remain poorly understood. it is believed that infiltrated immune cells, especially macrophages, may provide help for tumor cell growth and metastasis.   objective: to analyze the status of tumor as...

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma is the most common form of invasive breast cancer. It accounts for 80% of all types of breast cancer. We report an unusual presentation of histologically proven case of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast presented clinically as a small palpable areolar dermal lesion. Well defined hypoechoic cystic lesion in areolar dermis was present on ultrasound with a negat...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human breast cancer using immunohistochemistry and to determine whether the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 is associated with clinicopathological factors in invasive ductal breast carcinoma. METHODS Cyclooxygenase-2 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in 30 invasive ductal breast carcinoma spec...