OBJECTIVE Farming is associated with exposure to a wide variety of risk factors including organic dusts, endotoxins, allergens and other chemicals. The ability of some of these agents to interact with the immune system is demonstrated in the presented study which was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between pig and cow breeding, and the immune system early changes. Particular attention i...

The article reevaluates the reception of Mendelism in France, and more generally considers the complex relationship between Mendelism and plant breeding in the first half on the twentieth century. It shows on the one side that agricultural research and higher education institutions have played a key role in the development and institutionalization of genetics in France, whereas university biolo...

During the past few years, the ARIES team has developed advanced designs to identify the physics and technology areas of high leverage for achieving environmentally attractive and economically competitive fusion power plants. This paper documents the key neutronics parameters and identifies the nuclear issues for the most recent spherical and advanced tokamak designs. The nuclear assessment pla...

As a defender of the fundamental importance of Mendel’s experiments for understand ing heredity, the English biolog ist William Bateson (1861–1926) did much to publicize the usefulness of Mendelian science for practical breeders. In the course of his campaigning, he not only secured a reputation among breeders as a scientific expert worth listening to but articulated a vision of the ideal relat...

Increased interest and debate over ownership of intellectual property (e.g., plant proprietary rights) has arisen in agriculture because the protection of research products is necessary to provide incentive for investment. Any unique, documentable invention (a product, service, or process) having potential use in commerce can be considered intellectual property. Intellectual property is any rec...

Introduction The whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) has caused millions of dollars worth of crop losses in tropical and subtropical agricultural regions in the five continents of the world (Brown, 1994). Besides the direct damage caused by B. tabaci (plant nutrient loss; physiological disorders; honey dew excretions, etc), the sweet potato or cotton whitefly is an efficient v...

This article examines the adoption of plant breeders’ rights (PBR), also known as intellectual property (IPR), pertaining to breeding and genetics in various nations. Its main goal is offer direction for growth an organized competitive industry Nepal. The paper seeks analyze mechanisms that ensure adequate protection returns on investment breeding, drawing international practices treaties like ...

Vegetables are considered essential for wellbalanced diets. The production and marketing of vegetables crops are undergoing continuous change globally. This is mainly due to the growing demands of consumers for safe and healthy vegetables, increased urbanisation of societies, and the growth in scale and influence of supermarkets chains. Horticultural science can respond to many of these challen...

Farming and plant breeding have been closely associated since the early days when crops were first domesticated. Plant breeding was built on biodiversity and on the work of 10,000 years of farmers’s selection and some generations of breeders. Without understanding the science behind it, early farmers saved the seed from the best portion of their crop each season. Over the years, they selected t...